Polymer composites in fire

Davies, John S.; Wang, Yongchang; Wong, P M

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.05.032

Cited by 44 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The authors of [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] investigated the course of the process of thermal destruction of polymers. These provisions are consistent with the results of the research given in the work by authors [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Therefore, the use of chemical methods for influencing the processes of thermo-oxidative destruction will allow the structure of such materials to be changed by introducing active nanosized particles into the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The thermal stability of polymers is one of the important characteristics that allows such materials to be used in different temperature ranges [22][23][24]. At the same time, thermal analysis is a method for determining the thermophysical properties of polymers and studying their temperature transitions.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysis (Tga) Of Composites Filled With A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The research background of this study is that unfilled reaction-plastic polymer materials do not provide high thermal stability [14][15][16][17][18] and are characterized by one of the disadvantages that limits their use-a low temperature at thermal destruction [19][20][21][22]. In addition, in the works [14][15][16][17][18][19] the technology of forming composite materials with nano particles is presented, which includes complex technological modes; in particular, functionalization in a solvent, solvent removal, ultrasonic dispersion, grafting of surface-active groups, and vacuuming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing the Service Life of Marine Transport Using Heat-Resistant Polymer Nanocomposites

Sapronov,

Buketov,

Kim

et al. 2024

Materials

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This paper presents the technological aspects of increasing the thermal stability of polymers, with epoxy binder used to form the polymer materials. Polyethylene polyamine was used to crosslink the epoxy binder. To ensure the thermal stability of the polymer, nanodispersed condensed carbon with a dispersion of 10–16 nm was used. The research into nanocomposites under the influence of elevated temperatures was carried out using the “Thermoscan-2” derivatograph. Complex studies of thermophysical properties were carried out, according to the results of which the optimal content of nanofiller (0.050 pts.wt.) was determined. At the same time, this particular polymer was characterized by the following properties: temperature of the beginning of mass loss—T0 = 624.9 K; final temperature of mass loss—Tf = 718.7 K; relative mass loss—εm = 60.3%. Research into the activation energy of thermal destruction was performed to determine the resistance to the destruction of chemical bonds. It was proved that the maximum value of activation energy (170.1 kJ/mol) is characterized by nanocomposites with a content of nanodispersed condensed carbon of 0.050 pts.wt., which indicates the thermal stability of the polymer.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysis (Tga) Of Composites Filled With A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing the Service Life of Marine Transport Using Heat-Resistant Polymer Nanocomposites

Sapronov,

Buketov,

Kim

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…There is, however, a significant amount of information on the use of FRPs in aerospace and marine applications, although little of it describes their fire behaviour [6]. Given the few existing contributions, applying these results to the wide range of FRP composite materials used in civil engineering applications will take time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All polymer matrix composites will burn when subjected to high heat flux. Furthermore, the composite matrix, usually polyester, vinyl ester, or epoxy, cannot withstand combustion; instead, it decomposes chemically, releasing energy as heat and emitting amounts of dense black smoke as it evolves (6). Even at moderate temperatures, FRPs experience a degradation of their strength, stiffness, and adhesion properties [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical and Experimental Behaviour of GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Columns under Fire Loading

Almerich-Chulia,

Martin-Concepcion,

Moreno-Puchalt

et al. 2024

J. Compos. Sci.

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Fire engineering endeavours to mitigate injury or the loss of life in the event of a fire. This is achieved primarily through fire prevention, containment, and extinguishment measures. Should prevention fail, the structural integrity of buildings, coupled with effective evacuation strategies, becomes paramount. While glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) materials have demonstrated efficacy in reinforcing concrete elements, their performance under fire conditions, notably in comparison to steel, necessitates a deeper understanding for structural applications. This study experimentally and numerically investigates the fire performance of GFRP-reinforced concrete (RC) columns subjected to only fire load without additional external loads. The research aims to ascertain the fire resistance based on the thickness of the concrete coating and the ultimate tensile strength of GFRP rebars after 90 min of fire exposure. Four GFRP-RC columns were subjected to a standardized fire curve on all sides in the experimental program. In the analytical program, a theoretical model was developed using the heat transfer module of the COMSOL software. The results of both analyses were very close, indicating the reliability of the procedure used. Based on the findings, recommendations regarding the fire resistance of GFRP-RC columns were formulated for structural applications. Results from this research provide the civil engineering community with data that will help them continue using FRP materials as internal reinforcement for concrete.

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Influence of out‐of‐plane fiber orientation on reaction‐to‐fire properties of carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites

Eibl¹,

Swanson²

2017

Fire and Materials

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Summary This work investigates the influence of the out‐of‐plane orientation of carbon fibers on the reaction‐to‐fire characteristics of polymer matrix composites. A deep insight into combustion processes is gained, which is necessary to fully understand and assess advantages of composites with out‐of‐plane fiber angles. Epoxy‐based Hexply 8552/IM7 specimens with primarily low fiber angles between 0° and 15° are characterized by cone calorimetry. Heat release during fire is greatly affected by the out‐of‐plane fiber angle because of the thermal boundaries created by the fibers. The advancement of the pyrolysis front during fire was determined from peak heat release rates and validated by temperature measurements along the back surface of the panels, representing a novel method of determining position‐dependent pyrolysis migration velocity. These measurements show a transverse shift in pyrolysis front velocity for increasing out‐of‐plane fiber angles. Pyrolysis pathways between the fiber boundaries facilitate faster combustion through the composite thickness, especially for increasing angles from 0° to 15°. It was determined that under the chosen conditions, the pyrolysis front advances approximately 4 times faster when propagating parallel to the fibers than perpendicular.

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Polymer composites in fire

Cited by 44 publications

References 8 publications

Increasing the Service Life of Marine Transport Using Heat-Resistant Polymer Nanocomposites

Increasing the Service Life of Marine Transport Using Heat-Resistant Polymer Nanocomposites

Analytical and Experimental Behaviour of GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Columns under Fire Loading

Influence of out‐of‐plane fiber orientation on reaction‐to‐fire properties of carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites

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