Polymer Doping for High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells with Improved Moisture Stability

Abstract

Each component layer in a perovskite solar cell plays an important role in the cell performance. Here, a few types of polymers including representative p‐type and n‐type semiconductors, and a classical insulator, are chosen to dope into a perovskite film. The long‐chain polymer helps to form a network among the perovskite crystalline grains, as witnessed by the improved film morphology and device stability. The dewetting process is greatly suppressed by the cross‐linking effect of the polymer chains, thereby resulting in uniform perovskite films with large grain sizes. Moreover, it is found that the polymer‐doped perovskite shows a reduced trap‐state density, likely due to the polymer effectively passivating the perovskite grain surface. Meanwhile the doped polymer formed a bridge between grains for efficient charge transport. Using this approach, the solar cell efficiency is improved from 17.43% to as high as 19.19%, with a much improved stability. As it is not required for the polymer to have a strict energy level matching with the perovskite, in principle, one may use a variety of polymers for this type of device design.

Additive Engineering to Grow Micron‐Sized Grains for Stable High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells

“…The SEM images of perovskite films with the other concentrations of DIFA additive and the corresponding distribution of perovskite grain size are illustrated in Figures S1 and S2 (Supporting Information). [24,25] Compared with the resonance single peak of MAPbI 3 ≈7.4 ppm as shown in Figure S5 (Supporting Information), there is nearly no split and shift but broadening upon the addition of 2% DIFA indicating possible no interaction between the DIFA molecules and CH 3 NH 3 + . By adding 2% DIFA, the average crystal grain size significantly increases and becomes more uniform ranging from 800 to 2900 nm with the peak ≈1600 nm, which is consistent with the cross-sectional SEM images of planar PSC structure without and with 2% DIFA additive as shown in Figure 1c,d.…”

“…Sci. [24,25] In order to better understand the interaction of DIFA with perovskite, 1 H NMR measurement of a deuterated dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) perovskite solution with the same concentration as the perovskite precursor solution in PSC fabrication process without or with 2% DIFA is performed as shown in Figures S3 and S4 (Supporting Information). The SEM images of perovskite films with the other concentrations of DIFA additive and the corresponding distribution of perovskite grain size are illustrated in Figures S1 and S2 (Supporting Information).…”

Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots Induced High‐Quality Perovskite Film for Efficient and Thermally Stable Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to study the charge carrier behavior within different devices. Figure d shows the Cole–Cole plots of the device measured in the dark, where a single arc representing the recombination process appeared in the low‐frequency area . The equivalent circuit was shown in the top right inset.…”

Anorganische CsPbX3‐Perowskit‐Solarzellen: Fortschritte und Perspektiven

“…[1] Hauptnachteile der kristallinen Siliciumzellen sind die hohen Energieprozesskosten und die relativ langen Energierücklaufzeiten von typischerweise 1-2 Jahren. [8] Der Wirkungsgrad von HaP-Solarzellen ist seit ihrer Entdeckung 2009 von 3.8 %auf 23.7 %angestiegen. [2] Dünnschichtsolarzellen auf Basis von amorphem Si, CdTeo der Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 bilden die zweite Generation kommerzieller Zellen.…”