Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Degradation Mechanisms and Their Diagnosis by Frequency Response Analysis Methods: A Review

Sorrentino, Antonio; Sundmacher, Kai; Vidaković‐Koch, Tanja

doi:10.3390/en13215825

Cited by 52 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(154 reference statements)

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“…As shown in Figure 6, the heat accumulation phenomenon is linked to chemical degradation that produces radicals and peroxide attack on Nafion (membrane dehydration). The process causes permanent degradation, such as membrane thinning and pinhole development, which have an impact on the membrane's mechanical strength and the increase in gas crossover [64]. According to the start‐stop situation, an insufficient input gas supply raises the real system temperature, whereas an insufficient input gas supply raises the potential pressure in the anode [65].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of cycle repetition on stack voltage degradation during fuel cell stress tests

Yeetsorn

Petrone²,

Hissel

et al. 2022

Fuel Cells

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A voltage decrease in the long-term operation of hydrogen fuel cell (FC) electric cars under steady settings under constant load and dynamic operating conditions is a performance constraint of concern. Although accelerated stress test (AST) procedures have been sought to diagnose degradation, the AST results of FC stacks have not been reported extensively. The purpose of this article is to discuss the generation of AST of FC stacks based on real load profiles and the consequences of load changes and start-stop circumstances, which are mostly generated by common driven cycles in urban regions with high driving speeds and traffic jams. The highlight of this study is to analyze the effects of cycle repetition on the aging FC stack, especially the voltage degradation factor, degradation kinetics, and energy consumption. The relation between actual system temperatures in side cells assembled in the FC stacks and material degradation was also analyzed. The results presented high heat accumulation, related to chemical degradation, that occurred during load cycling and may result in membrane thinning and pinholes in the membrane. Temperature cycling corresponded to mechanical degradation generated during the start-stop cycling test, which may lead to membrane degradations-cracking, tearing, and pinholes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of cycle repetition on stack voltage degradation during fuel cell stress tests

Yeetsorn

Petrone²,

Hissel

et al. 2022

Fuel Cells

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“…The proton conductivity of [Mg(H 2 O) 2 (H 3 L)]·H 2 O (in the following: Mg-CP) and [Pb 2 (HL)]·H 2 O (in the following: Pb-MOF) was investigated by AC impedance analysis [ 19 – 20 ]. For this purpose, the materials were pressed into pellets and placed between plate electrodes without further auxiliary measures, such as the usage of conductive paste.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of sulfonate groups and hydrogen bonding in the proton conductivity of two coordination networks

Ali¹,

Steinke²,

Wöhlbrandt³

et al. 2022

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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The proton conductivity of two coordination networks, [Mg(H2O)2(H3L)]·H2O and [Pb2(HL)]·H2O (H5L = (H2O3PCH2)2-NCH2-C6H4-SO3H), is investigated by AC impedance spectroscopy. Both materials contain the same phosphonato-sulfonate linker molecule, but have clearly different crystal structures, which has a strong effect on proton conductivity. In the Mg-based coordination network, dangling sulfonate groups are part of an extended hydrogen bonding network, facilitating a “proton hopping” with low activation energy; the material shows a moderate proton conductivity. In the Pb-based metal-organic framework, in contrast, no extended hydrogen bonding occurs, as the sulfonate groups coordinate to Pb2+, without forming hydrogen bonds; the proton conductivity is much lower in this material.

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“…Fuel cells are very efficient and clean devices [33,34]. Unfortunately, they continue to have significant degradation problems.…”

Section: Fuel Cell Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial Robots Fuel Cell Based Hybrid Power-Trains: A Comparison between Different Configurations

et al. 2021

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Electric vehicles are becoming more and more popular. One of the most promising possible solutions is one where a hybrid powertrain made up of a FC (Fuel Cell) and a battery is used. This type of vehicle offers great autonomy and high recharging speed, which makes them ideal for many industrial applications. In this work, three ways to build a hybrid power-train are presented and compared. To illustrate this, the case of an industrial robot designed to move loads within a fully automated factory is used. The analysis and comparison are carried out through different objective criteria that indicate the power-train performance in different battery charge levels. The hybrid configurations are tested using real power profiles of the industrial robot. Finally, simulation results show the performance of each hybrid configuration in terms of hydrogen consumption, battery and FC degradation, and dc bus voltage and current regulation.

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Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Degradation Mechanisms and Their Diagnosis by Frequency Response Analysis Methods: A Review

Cited by 52 publications

References 106 publications

Influence of cycle repetition on stack voltage degradation during fuel cell stress tests

Influence of cycle repetition on stack voltage degradation during fuel cell stress tests

The role of sulfonate groups and hydrogen bonding in the proton conductivity of two coordination networks

Industrial Robots Fuel Cell Based Hybrid Power-Trains: A Comparison between Different Configurations

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