Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Based on Phosphoric Acid-Impregnated Poly(2,5-benzimidazole) Membranes

Asensio, Juan A.; Borrós, Salvador; Gómez‐Romero, Pedro

doi:10.1149/1.1640628

Cited by 226 publications

(215 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Lithium chloride was used to enhance the dissolution of the product in DMF. [24]. The bands around 3400 cm À1 in PSf-BIm are attributed to the isolated N-H stretching.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Blend membranes based on sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) and polysulfone bearing benzimidazole side groups for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Manthiram

Guiver

2006

Electrochemistry Communications

114

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“…Lithium chloride was used to enhance the dissolution of the product in DMF. [24]. The bands around 3400 cm À1 in PSf-BIm are attributed to the isolated N-H stretching.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Blend membranes based on sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) and polysulfone bearing benzimidazole side groups for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Manthiram

Guiver

2006

Electrochemistry Communications

114

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“…used in the pharmaceutical industry) and non-carcinogenic. Recent efforts to synthesize AB-PBI are made in polyphosphoric acid [13,15,94,95] or in a P 2 O 5 -MSA mixture [84]. As the unbalancing of stoichiometry is avoided, the synthesis would be less demanding for the purity of the monomer.…”

Section: Ab-pbimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the unbalancing of stoichiometry is avoided, the synthesis would be less demanding for the purity of the monomer. It is, however, reported that the high purity monomer gives polymers of high molecular weights [13,95]. By using recrystallized DABA, Wainright et al [13] synthesized AB-PBI with an inherent viscosity as high as 7.33, which is essential to prepare PBI membranes by direct casting (see Section 2.2.1) from a PBI solution in trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)-PA mixture.…”

Section: Ab-pbimentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Jensen

Savinell

et al. 2009

Progress in Polymer Science

1,242

852

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. To achieve high temperature operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), preferably under ambient pressure, acid-base polymer membranes represent an effective approach. The phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole membrane seems so far the most successful system in the field. It has in recent years motivated extensive research activities with great progress. This treatise is devoted to updating the development, covering polymer synthesis, membrane casting, physicochemical characterizations and fuel cell technologies. To optimize the membrane properties, high molecular weight polymers with synthetically modified or N-substituted structures have been synthesized. Techniques for membrane casting from organic solutions and directly from acid solutions have been developed. Ionic and covalent cross-linking as well as inorganic-organic composites has been explored. Membrane characterizations have been made including spectroscopy, water uptake and acid doping, thermal and oxidative stability, conductivity, electro-osmotic water drag, methanol crossover, solubility and permeability of gases, and oxygen reduction kinetics. Related fuel cell technologies such as electrode and MEA fabrication have been developed and high temperature PEMFC has been successfully demonstrated at temperatures of up to 200• C under ambient pressure. No gas humidification is mandatory, which enables the elimination of the complicated humidification system, compared with Nafion cells. Other operating features of the PBI cell include easy control of air flow rate, cell temperature and cooling. The PBI cell operating at above 150• C can tolerate up to 1% CO and 10 ppm SO 2 in the fuel stream, allowing for simplification of the fuel processing system and possible integration of the fuel cell stack with fuel processing units. Long-term durability with a degradation rate of 5 V h −1 has been achieved under continuous operation with hydrogen and air at 150-160• C. With load or thermal cycling, a performance loss of 300 V per cycle or 40 V h −1 per operating hour was observed. Further improvement should be done by, e.g. optimizing the thermal and chemical stability of the polymer, acid-base interaction and acid management, activity and stability of catalyst and more importantly the catalyst support, as well as the integral interface between electrode and membrane.

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“…At 130 °C, Pt based catalysts tolerate 1000 ppm CO 2 , 2 while at 80 °C CO concentrations between 10-20 ppm are enough to cause a significant loss in the cell performance. Conventional Nafion ® membranes do not allow operation at temperatures higher than 80 o C. The search for electrolytes that can be used at higher temperatures and also low relative humidity is an active area of investigation nowadays, and promising examples are the phosphoric acid doped PBI 3,4 or ABPBI 5,6 membranes. The proton conductivity of phosphoric acid in doped membranes increases with increasing temperature and acid concentration, and with relative humidity due to the interaction of water with excess acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature on the electro-oxidation of ethanol on platinum

Camargo¹,

Previdello²,

Varela³

et al. 2010

Quím. Nova

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We present in this work an experimental investigation of the effect of temperature (from 25 to 180 o C) in the electro-oxidation of ethanol on platinum in two different phosphoric acid concentrations. We observed that the onset potential for ethanol electro-oxidation shifts to lower values and the reaction rates increase as temperature is increased for both electrolytes. The results were rationalized in terms of the effect of temperature on the adsorption of reaction intermediates, poisons, and anions. The formation of oxygenated species at high potentials, mainly in the more diluted electrolyte, also contributes to increase the electro-oxidation reaction rate.

show abstract

Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Based on Phosphoric Acid-Impregnated Poly(2,5-benzimidazole) Membranes

Cited by 226 publications

References 24 publications

Blend membranes based on sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) and polysulfone bearing benzimidazole side groups for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Blend membranes based on sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) and polysulfone bearing benzimidazole side groups for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Effect of temperature on the electro-oxidation of ethanol on platinum

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