Polymeric Quaternary Ammonium Compounds: Versatile Antimicrobial Materials

Zubris, Deanna L.; Minbiole, Kevin P. C.; Wuest, William M.

doi:10.2174/1568026616666160829155805

Cited by 67 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…[8][9][10][11]. Among the numerous examples of antimicrobial polymers that were evaluated for such potential applications [12][13][14], polymers based on quaternary ammonium groups [15][16][17][18] are possibly the most widely studied, concerning synthetic biocidal polymeric materials [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Antimicrobial Coatings Based on Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

et al. 2017

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Biocidal coatings that are based on quaternized ammonium copolymers were developed after blending and crosslinking and studied as a function of the ratio of reactive groups and the type of biocidal groups, after curing at room temperature or 120 • C. For this purpose, two series of copolymers with complementary reactive groups, poly(4-vinylbenzyl chloride-co-acrylic acid), P(VBC-co-AAx), and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate-co-glycidyl methacrylate), P(SSNa-co-GMAx), were synthesized via free radical copolymerization and further modified resulting in covalently bound (4-vinylbenzyl dimethylhexadecylammonium chloride, VBCHAM) and electrostatically attached (hexadecyltrimethylammonium 4-styrene sulfonate, SSAmC 16) units. The crosslinking reaction between the carboxylic group of acrylic acid (AA) and the epoxide group of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) of these copolymers led to the stabilization of the coatings through reactive blending. The so developed coatings were cured at room temperature and 120 • C, and then immersed in ultra-pure water and aqueous NaCl solutions at various concentrations for a time period up to three months. Visual inspection of the integrity of the materials coated onto glass slides, gravimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization, as well as the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) of the solutions, were used to investigate the parameters affecting the release of the materials from the coatings based on these systems. The results revealed that curing temperature, complementary reactive groups' content, and type of antimicrobial species control the release levels and the nature of releasable species of these environmentally-friendly antimicrobial coatings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Antimicrobial Coatings Based on Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

et al. 2017

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“…[9] Other structural phenomena investigated have been the presence of anionic analogs, [10] polymeric scaffolds, [11] separation of charged groups, [12] and oftentimes the importance of scaffold structure. [13] Our own work initially pushed towards the inclusion of multiple (up to 4) cationic groups, [14] although subsequent data indicated the diminishing advantages of cations beyond the first two.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Structure-activity relationship analyses for QACs have often focused on the ratio of polar to nonpolar sections of these amphiphiles, [8] as well as the related physical characteristic of critical micelle concentration. [9] Other structural phenomena investigated have been the presence of anionic analogs, [10] polymeric scaffolds, [11] separation of charged groups, [12] and oftentimes the importance of scaffold structure. [13] Our own work initially pushed towards the inclusion of multiple (up to 4) cationic groups, [14] although subsequent data indicated the diminishing advantages of cations beyond the first two.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Investigation into Rigidity–Activity Relationships in BisQAC Amphiphilic Antiseptics

et al. 2018

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Twenty-one mono- and biscationic quaternary ammonium amphiphiles (monoQACs and bisQACs) were rapidly prepared in order to investigate the effects of rigidity of a diamine core structure on antiseptic activity. As anticipated, bioactivity against a panel of 6 bacteria including MRSA strains was strong for bisQAC structures, and clearly correlated to the length of non-polar side chains. Modest advantages were noted for amide-containing side chains, as compared to straight-chained alkyl substituents. Surprisingly, antiseptics with more rigidly disposed side chains, such as those in DABCO-12,12, showed the highest level of antimicrobial activity, with single-digit MIC values or better against the entire bacterial panel, including submicromolar activity against a MRSA strain.

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“…ETCH‐37 with BAC (Bisco) acid is composed of 37% phosphoric acid, quaternary ammonium compounds, benzyl‐C8‐18‐alkyldimenthyl, and chlorides. These last three elements act together as a family of antimicrobial compounds; the quaternary ammonium compound is a water‐soluble element, which is presumed to be removed in the rinse; 8 and 18 carbon alkyl chains have antimicrobial power; benzalkonium chloride develops zones of bacterial inhibition of up to 7 mm, specifically with Actinomyces viscosus 31,32 . In addition, a water‐soluble polysaccharide, xanthin gum; its included in the acid components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of different phosphoric acids before application of universal adhesive on the dental enamel

Sender

Castañeda-Vía

Tay

2020

J Esthet Restor Dent

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Background: There are different etching gels available, which have different composition, different pH, and different viscosity, and there is little information in the literature comparing all these products. Objective: To evaluate the mean microshear bond strength and morphological characteristics of tooth enamel by evaluating different phosphoric acids combined with a universal adhesive system. Materials and Methods: Eighty-four enamel samples were used, which were divided according to the acid conditioning: G1: Scotchbond Etchant (3M Oral Care), G2: Ultra-Etch (Ultradent), G3: Eco-Etch (IvoclarVivadent), G4: ETCH-37 with BAC (Bisco), G5: Etching gel (Densell), G6: Condac 37 (FGM), and G7: Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (3M Oral Care) in self-etch mode. For the adhesive procedure, Scotchbond Universal Adhesive was the one used as indicated the manufacturer's instructions, 0.9-mm-diameter resin cylinders were placed. The microshear bond strength test was performed after being stored for 24 hours in water. The morphological characteristics of tooth enamel were analyzed using the Raman confocal microscope alpha300RA. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and Tukey post-test were used to analyze the differences between the groups. Results: The mean microshear bond strength values obtained for groups 1, 4, 5 were significantly greater than groups 2, 3, 6 and 7 (p < .05). All groups presented demineralization after the application of the etching acid, and few signs of demineralization were evident in group 7. Conclusions: Acid-etching with ETCH-37 with BAC, Etching gel, and Scotchbond Etchant improved the adhesive strength in the enamel using an universal adhesive, and acid-etching with Condac 37, Ultra-Etch, and Eco-Etch provides similar adhesive strength values to self-etch mode of universal adhesive. Clinical Significance: All acid etchants should be considered as different. The test confirms that enamel etching prior to the application of a universal adhesive system depends on the selected acid etchand product.

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Polymeric Quaternary Ammonium Compounds: Versatile Antimicrobial Materials

Cited by 67 publications

References 0 publications

Polymeric Antimicrobial Coatings Based on Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

Polymeric Antimicrobial Coatings Based on Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

An Investigation into Rigidity–Activity Relationships in BisQAC Amphiphilic Antiseptics

Influence of different phosphoric acids before application of universal adhesive on the dental enamel

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