Polymorphism-dependent and piezochromic luminescence based on molecular packing of a conjugated molecule

Li, Ruohan; Xiao, Shuzhang; Li, Yi; Lin, Qifei; Zhang, Ronghua; Zhao, Jun; Yang, Changying; Zou, Kun; Li, Dongsheng; Yi, Tao

doi:10.1039/c4sc01243g

“…Luminescent organic materials with ML have attracted significant attention in the past decades due to their potential applications in sensors and memory devices. ML of π‐conjugated organic materials induced by anisotropic pressure are mostly investigated and largely documented in literatures due to the fact that a convenient operation, ground by a spoon or mortar, can effectively perturb the molecular arrangements and hence lead to ML . In sharp contrast, there are only a few reports that describe ML actualized by isotropic compression because strict operating conditions are required for high‐pressure measurement .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent Chromism of Boron Diketonate Crystals: Distinct Responses to Different Stresses

Wang

¹

,

Wang

²

,

Zou

³

et al. 2015

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An organic crystal adopts a molecular packing that can be readily perturbed by external stresses like tensile forces, isotropic pressure, and anisotropic pressure through mechanical smashing, grinding, and compressing, respectively. As a result, the crystals display mechanoluminescence (ML) in response to different mechanical stimuli. The present study provides a model in which three distinct MLs are combined into one organic material.

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“…However,t om aintain color purity,o ne can design sterically hindered molecular systems which minimize the extent of any intermolecular interactions. [16] Fore xample,amolecule can form an amorphous,s emicrystalline,o rp urely crystalline form. However,s uch ac onformational locking of molecules can also prohibit nonradiative relaxation pathways for an electronically excited molecule.This idea has been vastly important in the development of aggregationinduced emission (AIE).…”

Section: Luminogens In the Solid Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Renaissance of Organic Triboluminescent Materials

Mukherjee

¹

,

Thilagar

²

2019

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Solid‐state luminescence of organic dyes is an elusive frontier, and understanding and designing solid‐state stimuli‐responsive materials is not trivial. “Mechanoluminescence” (ML) or “triboluminescence” (TL), which is associated with fracture or force‐initiated luminescence from a material, is currently attracting new interest. Fracturing the surfaces of organic crystals ordered in noncentrosymmetric space groups can electronically excite the surface and neighboring molecules through piezo‐ or pyroelectric effects, and this can result in luminescence when the molecules relax back to their ground states. The combined duration of these two consecutive phenomena leads to force‐generated luminescence or TL. Although TL has been known for a very long time, examples of TL‐active materials are scarce, but are increasing as synthetic and characterization procedures develop. The question is now whether the relatively rare phenomenon of TL needs to be reevaluated to obtain a broader understanding of the subject.

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“…[7] In the solution state,t he con- formational freedom of amolecule can significantly decrease the quantum yield of the luminescence through nonradiative relaxation pathways upon excitation, which is not possible in the solid state.L ast but not least, am olecule can exist in several different forms in the solid state,d epending on the nature of its formation, which can result in vastly different luminescent properties. [16] Fore xample,amolecule can form an amorphous,s emicrystalline,o rp urely crystalline form. Even in the crystalline form, am olecule can form several different polymorphs,d epending on the directions of the weak intermolecular interactions.A ppreciating the correlations of such properties become fundamentally important to understand the triboluminescent properties of amaterial.…”

Section: Luminogens In the Solid Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Renaissance of Organic Triboluminescent Materials

Mukherjee

¹

,

Thilagar

²

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solid‐state luminescence of organic dyes is an elusive frontier, and understanding and designing solid‐state stimuli‐responsive materials is not trivial. “Mechanoluminescence” (ML) or “triboluminescence” (TL), which is associated with fracture or force‐initiated luminescence from a material, is currently attracting new interest. Fracturing the surfaces of organic crystals ordered in noncentrosymmetric space groups can electronically excite the surface and neighboring molecules through piezo‐ or pyroelectric effects, and this can result in luminescence when the molecules relax back to their ground states. The combined duration of these two consecutive phenomena leads to force‐generated luminescence or TL. Although TL has been known for a very long time, examples of TL‐active materials are scarce, but are increasing as synthetic and characterization procedures develop. The question is now whether the relatively rare phenomenon of TL needs to be reevaluated to obtain a broader understanding of the subject.

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Polymorphism-dependent and piezochromic luminescence based on molecular packing of a conjugated molecule

Abstract: We report a unique example of polymorphism-dependent and piezochromic fluorescence, based on 2-(anthracen-9-yl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.

Cited by 146 publications

References 63 publications

Luminescent Chromism of Boron Diketonate Crystals: Distinct Responses to Different Stresses

Luminescent Chromism of Boron Diketonate Crystals: Distinct Responses to Different Stresses

Renaissance of Organic Triboluminescent Materials

Renaissance of Organic Triboluminescent Materials

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