Polymorphisme de la caséine αs2 bovine: étroite liaison du locus αs2-Cn avec les loci αs1-Cn, β-Cn et κ-Cn; mise en évidence d'une délétion dans le variant αs2-Cn D

Grosclaude, F.; Joudrier, Philippe; Mahé, Marie‐Françoise; Haze, G.

doi:10.1186/1297-9686-10-3-313

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…On the contrary, all BW cows with the CC genotype at position -1 084 had the A 1 allele of b-casein (P £ 0.02). Such associations is in agreement with the notion of a tight linkage between casein genes, first demonstrated by Grosclaude et al [35,36] and since confirmed at the molecular level through genomic analyses. It provides strong evidences for the existence of specific haplotype combinations, including both coding and regulatory sequences at the casein locus in the Polish cattle breeds.…”

Section: Other Caseinssupporting

confidence: 91%

The impact of genetic polymorphisms on the protein composition of ruminant milks

et al. 2002

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-The purpose of this review is to give an overview of our current knowledge on the polymorphisms occurring in genes coding for milk proteins and responsible for quantitative variability in their expression, thus influencing the protein composition of livestock ruminant milk. The overall genomic organisation of the 6 main ruminant milk protein genes: a-lactalbumin, b-lactoglobulin and the four caseins (a s1 , a s2 , b and k), their chromosomal location and their expression pattern are first summarised before presenting general mechanisms controlling gene expression both at the transcriptional and the post-transcriptional levels. Polymorphisms found in cis-regulatory elements, mainly within the 5'-flanking region of the genes encoding b-lactoglobulin and a s1 -and a s2 -caseins, have been found, in cattle, to influence their transcription rate. In addition, polymorphisms found in the transcription unit, within intron as well as exon sequences, have been shown to be responsible for defects in the processing of primary transcripts and/or the export of messenger RNA to the cytoplasm. Mutations responsible for the occurrence of premature stop codons in a s1 -and b-casein mRNAs have been shown to be associated both with a decrease in the level of the relevant transcripts and the existence of multiple forms of messengers due to alternative splicing (exon skipping, usage of cryptic splice sites). Such a situation, well-exemplified by the gene encoding a s1 -casein in the goat, may have dramatic biological consequences (secretion pathway, casein micelle structure, fat content, etc.) by modifying the message and accordingly the primary structure of the protein as well as its expression. Since some of these polymorphisms dramatically affect technological properties of milk, including cheese yields and organoleptic characteristics, methods mainly based on the PCR technique have been designed and applied in selection and breeding programmes to improve milk protein quality.gene expression / milk protein / genetic polymorphism / ruminants Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 42 (2002) 433-459 433

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Section: Other Caseinssupporting

confidence: 91%

The impact of genetic polymorphisms on the protein composition of ruminant milks

et al. 2002

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“…Ces liaisons sont maintenant bien caractérisées (Grosclaude et al, 1964;1965;1978) et se traduisent par une association non aléatoire des allèles de ces loci. Il s'ensuit un fort déséquilibre dans les fréquences des haplotypes des 3 caséines principales (a s 1'~, K) rencontrées dans les principales races bovines (Grosclaude, 1988).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Influence des variants génétiques de la β-lactoglobuline et de la κ-caséine sur la composition du lait et son aptitude fromagère

Rahali

Ménard

1991

Lait

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(Reçu le 26 juin 1989; accepté le 14 janvier 1991) Résumé -L'étude porte sur l'influence du polymorphisme génétique de la~-lactoglobuline (~-Lg) et de la x-caséine (K-Cn) sur la composition du lait et ses aptitudes à la coagulation et à la transformation fromagère. Quatre-vingt-trois fabrications de type Camembert au lait cru ont été réalisées au laboratoire à partir du lait de 230 vaches Pie Noire. Huit combinaisons génétiques de la~-Lg et de la K-Cn ont été étudiées; les mesures ont porté sur la composition physico-chimique des laits de fabrication, caillés et sérums, les paramètres d'aptitude à la coagulation mesurés à l'aide d'un Formagraph et les bilans et pourcentages de récupération des matières lors des fabrications. L'influence positive du génotype BB et de la~-Lg est mise en évidence essentiellement sur le taux de caséines du lait (+ 4,7% par rapport au génotype AA) et sur la rétention des matières azotées totales dans le caillé (+ 2,9%). Le génotype BB de la K-Cn exerce des effets bénéfiques plus marqués, notamment sur le temps de coagulation des laits et la fermeté maximale des gels (respectivement -24% et +37% par rapport à l'homozygote AA), expliqués notamment par une composition protéique plus favorable. Il en résulte une meilleure récupération des constituants du lait dans les caillés BB en K-Cn. Le génotype AB occupe une position intermédiaire. L'analyse factorielle discriminante souligne le caractère additif de l'interaction entre les variants gé-nétiques de la~-Lg et de la K-Cn. Un classement de qualité fromagère est proposé, le double homozygote BB en~-Lg/BB en K-Cn occupant la place la plus favorable. variant génétique / x-casèlne 1~-Iactoglobuline 1 aptitude fromagère Summary -Influence of genetic variants of~-Iactoglobulin and x-caseln on milk composition and cheese-making capacity.

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“…It is well known that casein genes are organized as a cluster, as first reported by Grosclaude et al (1978), including in order α s1 -casein (CSN1S1), β-casein (CSN2), α s2 -casein (CSN1S2), and κ-casein (CSN3) (Ferretti et al, 1990;Threadgill and Womack, 1990;Rijnkels et al, 1997). In goats, the entire casein gene cluster region spans about 250 kb on chromosome 6 (Hayes et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This was first suggested in cattle by Grosclaude et al (1978) and was further developed in the same species (Aleandri et al, 1990;Ikonen et al, 2001;Boettcher et al, 2004;Caroli et al, 2004). The effect of an allele at a given locus could be confounded with the effect of linked alleles at another locus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Casein Haplotype Structure in Five Italian Goat Breeds

Sacchi¹,

Chessa

Budelli

et al. 2005

Journal of Dairy Science

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The aim of this work was to investigate the genetic structure of the casein gene cluster in 5 Italian goat breeds and to evaluate the haplotype variability within and among populations. A total of 430 goats from Vallesana, Roccaverano, Jonica, Garganica, and Maltese breeds were genotyped at α s1 -casein (CSN1S1), α s2 -casein, (CSN1S2), β-casein (CSN2), and κ-casein (CSN3) loci using several genomic techniques and milk protein analysis. Casein haplotype frequencies were estimated for each breed. Principal component analysis was carried out to highlight the relationship among breeds. Allele and haplotype distributions indicated considerable differences among breeds. The haplotype CSN1S1*F-CSN1S2*F-CSN3*D occurred in all breeds with frequencies >0.100 and was the most common haplotype in the Southern breeds. A high frequency of CSN1S1*0-CSN1S2*C-CSN3*A haplotype was found in Vallesana population (0.162). Principal component analysis clearly separated the Northern and Southern breeds by the first component. The variability of the caprine casein loci and variety of resulting haplotypes should be exploited in the future using specific breeding programs aiming to preserve biodiversity and to select goat genetic lines for specific protein production. (Key words: goat, casein, polymorphism, haplotype) Abbreviation key: AS-PCR = allele specific-PCR, CSN1S1 = α s1 -casein locus, CSN1S2 = α s2 -casein locus, CSN3 = κ-casein locus, CSN2 = β-casein locus, IEF = isoelectrofocusing, PCR-SSCP = PCR-single strand conformational polymorphism.

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Polymorphisme de la caséine αs2 bovine: étroite liaison du locus αs2-Cn avec les loci αs1-Cn, β-Cn et κ-Cn; mise en évidence d'une délétion dans le variant αs2-Cn D

Cited by 29 publications

References 1 publication

The impact of genetic polymorphisms on the protein composition of ruminant milks

The impact of genetic polymorphisms on the protein composition of ruminant milks

Influence des variants génétiques de la β-lactoglobuline et de la κ-caséine sur la composition du lait et son aptitude fromagère

Casein Haplotype Structure in Five Italian Goat Breeds

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