Abstract:Background: Plasmodium vivax is the predominant Plasmodium species in Afghanistan. National guidelines recommend the combination of chloroquine and primaquine (CQ-PQ) for radical treatment of P. vivax malaria. Artesunate in combination with the antifolates sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) has been first-line treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria until 2016. Although SP has been the recommended treatment for falciparum and not vivax malaria, exposure of the P. vivax parasite population to SP might still … Show more
“…Quadruple 57L/58R/61M/117T, triple 57L/58R/117 and double pvdhfr (57L/117N) mutant haplotypes have been associated with in vitro drug resistance 16 . This study found pvdhfr double mutant S58R + S117N in 25% of clinical isolates reported from neighboring countries like India, Afghanistan and Iran [27][28][29] .…”
“…Quadruple 57L/58R/61M/117T, triple 57L/58R/117 and double pvdhfr (57L/117N) mutant haplotypes have been associated with in vitro drug resistance 16 . This study found pvdhfr double mutant S58R + S117N in 25% of clinical isolates reported from neighboring countries like India, Afghanistan and Iran [27][28][29] .…”
“…Quadruple 57L/58R/61M/117T, triple 57L/58R/117 and double pvdhfr (57L/117N) mutant haplotypes have been associated with in vitro drug resistance 16 . This study found pvdhfr double mutant S58R + S117N in 25% of clinical isolates reported from neighboring countries like India, Afghanistan and Iran [27][28][29] .…”
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