Polyphenols as Antioxidants for Extending Food Shelf-Life and in the Prevention of Health Diseases: Encapsulation and Interfacial Phenomena

Abstract

Toxicity caused by the exposure to human-made chemicals and environmental conditions has become a major health concern because they may significantly increase the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), negatively affecting the endogenous antioxidant defense. Living systems have evolved complex antioxidant mechanisms to protect cells from oxidative conditions. Although oxidative stress contributes to various pathologies, the intake of molecules such as polyphenols, obtained from natural sources, may limit their effects because of their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties against lipid peroxidation and against a broad range of foodborne pathogens. Ingestion of polyphenol-rich foods, such as fruits and vegetables, help to reduce the harmful effects of ROS, but the use of supramolecular and nanomaterials as delivery systems has emerged as an efficient method to improve their pharmacological and therapeutic effects. Suitable exogenous polyphenolic antioxidants should be readily absorbed and delivered to sites where pathological oxidative damage may take place, for instance, intracellular locations. Many potential antioxidants have a poor bioavailability, but they can be encapsulated to improve their ideal solubility and permeability profile. Development of effective antioxidant strategies requires the creation of new nanoscale drug delivery systems to significantly reduce oxidative stress. In this review we provide an overview of the oxidative stress process, highlight some properties of ROS, and discuss the role of natural polyphenols as bioactives in controlling the overproduction of ROS and bacterial and fungal growth, paying special attention to their encapsulation in suitable delivery systems and to their location in colloidal systems where interfaces play a crucial role.

Dietary Phytogenic Extracts Favorably Influence Productivity, Egg Quality, Blood Constituents, Antioxidant and Immunological Parameters of Laying Hens: A Meta-Analysis

“…Meanwhile, polyphenols are external antioxidants that serve as the first defense for cells against excessive free radical production and protect their constituents from oxidative damage. Among all polyphenols, flavonoids are the most effective at eliminating free radicals and preventing their negative effects [ 53 , 54 ]. For instance, naringenin and naringin have strong scavenging activity for lipid peroxidation inhibitors [ 55 ].…”

Encapsulation of Bioactive Compounds for Food and Agricultural Applications

“…Polyphenols include a heterogeneous group of bioactive compounds containing at least one phenolic ring, naturally found in fruits, rhizomes, cereals, coffee, and tea, among others [ 132 ]. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties have been associated with them, and they also participate in the prevention of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer [ 133 , 134 ]. During its encapsulation, biopolymers are used, which stand out for being biodegradable, biocompatible, and high nutritional value vehicles.…”

Peningkatan daya tahan membran sel eritrosit dan jumlah sel eritrosit akibat latihan aerobik intensitas sedang

“…Malondialdehyde (MDA) merupakan suatu produk akhir peroksidasi lemak yang digunakan sebagai biomarker biologis peroksidasi lemak serta dapat menggambarkan derajat stres oksidatif. Sedangkan enzim SOD merupakan enzim antioksidan endogen utama yang mempunyai peranan penting secara langsung melindungi sel dari gangguan radikal bebas, dan secara tidak langsung memelihara keseimbangan oksigen yang bersifat toksik (Costa et al, 2021).…”