Polypyrrole-Based Implantable Electroactive Pump for Controlled Drug Microinjection

Yan, Bingxi; Li, Boyi; Kunecke, Forest; Gu, Zhen; Guo, Liang

doi:10.1021/acsami.5b04551

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…PPy actuators as artificial muscles provide a great potential in the surgery and advanced medical applications, robotics, and smart textiles. For example, these actuators can be used as guiding catheters, microanastomosis, braille display, micro pumps, and valves for resolving urinary incontinence, drug delivery, etc …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of a novel polyurethane/polypyrrole‐p‐toluenesulfonate (PU/PPy‐pTS) electroactive nanofibrous bending actuator

Ebadi

Semnani

Fashandi

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Electroactive actuators based on conductive polymers currently have attracted a great deal of attention. In this study, a nanofibrous structure of polypyrrole (PPy) was used to fabricate an electroactive bending actuator. For this purpose, polyurethane/PPy (PU/PPy) nanofibrous bending actuator was fabricated through the combined use of electrospinning and in-situ chemical polymerization. The response surface methodology (RSM) was considered to find the optimal electrospinning conditions for producing PU nanofibers with the minimum diameter. The in-situ chemical polymerization method was then used to prepare a conductive layer of PPy on the surface of optimum electrospun nanofibers with p-toluenesulfonate (pTS) as the dopant. The coated nanofibers were used in the fabrication of PU/PPy-pTS nanofibrous bending actuator. The morphology and electrical, thermal, electrochemical, and electrochemomechanical properties of the fabricated actuator were investigated. By using optimum conditions of electrospinning, PU nanofibers were obtained with a diameter of 221 nm. The results showed that the produced PU/PPy-pTS nanofibers enjoy good thermal stability and have an electrical conductivity of about 276.34 S/cm. The obtained cyclic voltammetric and dynamo-voltammetric responses showed that the dominant mechanism of actuation in the fabricated PU/PPy-pTS nanofibrous actuator is the exchange of perchlorate anions with a partial exchange of lithium cations in 1M lithium perchlorate electrolyte solution. The fabricated actuator was capable of undergoing 141°r eversible angular displacement during a potential cycle. The results demonstrated that, given high porosity, large specific surface area, flexibility, and desirable electrical properties, PU/PPy nanofibrous electroactive actuator provides a lot of potential for developing artificial muscle applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of a novel polyurethane/polypyrrole‐p‐toluenesulfonate (PU/PPy‐pTS) electroactive nanofibrous bending actuator

Ebadi

Semnani

Fashandi

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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show abstract

“…Although the flexible actuating technology developed for the soft wearable fields is currently in its infancy, collaborative efforts toward functional materials, actuator devices, and integration approaches will lead to multiple applications for soft wearable robotics. In this section, several typical application scenarios will be introduced, such as medical and rehabilitation robots, designs for actively deformable apparel, and soft HMIs …”

Section: Applications Of Flexible Actuators In Soft Roboticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Actuators for Soft Robotics

Yang

et al. 2019

Advanced Intelligent Systems

105

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Rigid robots have taken on a variety of automated manufacturing tasks and have made a huge contribution to industrial development; however, they are not suitable for further wearable applications due to their rigid and bulky structure, poor environmental adaptability, and low safety. Soft robots, which are mainly fabricated with flexible or elastomeric materials, can easily adjust to environmental changes and accomplish complex tasks, offering a new paradigm to achieve human-machine compliance. Soft robots do not replace rigid robots but add diverse features for softer robotic applications. In particular, the use of flexible actuators in robotic systems can realize certain intelligent functions, enrich soft robotic systems and migrate academic research to engineering applications. Currently, the application of flexible actuators in soft robotic fields is still at the embryonic stage. However, tremendous application spaces can be envisaged when combining flexible actuators with soft wearable robotics. Therefore, the current flexible actuators that rely on different external stimuli are addressed herein, and their materials, designs, and approaches suitable for soft robotic applications are highlighted. The application advancement and future perspective of flexible actuator prototypes toward various soft robotics are also discussed.

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“…The concept for this pump is based on the work presented in [44] and consists of two diaphragm actuators that perform a bulging motion when an electric field is applied in the thickness direction. Such a device has the potential to be used, for example, as an implant for the micro injection of drugs [60]. The unimorph diaphragm actuators each consists of a layer of electro-active material that is sandwiched between two compliant electrodes.…”

Section: Microfluidic Pumping Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical modeling of thermo-electro-viscoelasticity with field-dependent material parameters

Mehnert

Hossain

Steinmann

2018

International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics

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In this contribution, we propose a mathematical framework and its numerical implementation for thermo-electro-viscoelasticity taking into account fielddependence of the relevant material parameters appearing in the constitutive model. Polymeric materials are typically viscoelastic and highly susceptible to thermal fluctuations. Several experimental studies suggest that major material parameters appearing in a constitutive model of a thermo-electro-mechanically coupled problem evolve with respect to temperature as well as the applied electric field. Hence we propose a framework for the realistic modelling of polymeric materials under coupled thermo-electro-mechanical loads in which the temperature and electric field are not only considered as independent fields but also show an effect on the material parameters. Furthermore we present the numerical discretization of the coupled balance laws within the context of the finite element method. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed thermoelectro-mechanically coupled framework, several boundary value problems are solved numerically.

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Polypyrrole-Based Implantable Electroactive Pump for Controlled Drug Microinjection

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

Synthesis and characterization of a novel polyurethane/polypyrrole‐p‐toluenesulfonate (PU/PPy‐pTS) electroactive nanofibrous bending actuator

Synthesis and characterization of a novel polyurethane/polypyrrole‐p‐toluenesulfonate (PU/PPy‐pTS) electroactive nanofibrous bending actuator

Flexible Actuators for Soft Robotics

Numerical modeling of thermo-electro-viscoelasticity with field-dependent material parameters

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