Polysaccharide Nanosystems for Future Progress in Cardiovascular Pathologies

Abstract

Natural polysaccharides have received a lot of attention in the biomedical field. Indeed, sources of polysaccharides, extracted or produced from plants, bacteria, fungi or algae, are diverse and renewable. Moreover, recent progresses in polysaccharide chemistry and nanotechnologies allow elaborating new dedicated nanosystems. Polysaccharide-based nanosystems may be designed for interacting in several biological processes. In particular, the atherothrombotic pathology is highly concerned by polysaccharide-mediated recognition. Atherothrombotic diseases, regardless of the anatomical localization, remain the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the industrialized world. This review intends to provide an overview on polysaccharide-based nanosystems as drug delivery systems and targeted contrast agents for molecular imaging with an emphasis on the treatment and imaging of cardiovascular pathologies.

Synthesis of fibrinolytic active silver nanoparticle using wheat bran xylan as a reducing and stabilizing agent

“…These results indicate that WB-xylan AgNPs is highly effective in inducing fibrinolytic activity. Recently, several polysaccharide based nanoagents are developed for targeted drug delivery and treatment in cardiovascular pathologies (Silva, Letourneur, & Chauvierre, 2014). Therefore, further studies aiming at understanding the mechanism of fibrinolysis in experimental hemorrhage model would enable us to recommend the WB-xylan AgNPs for safer clinical trials.…”

Nanomedicine for the molecular diagnosis of cardiovascular pathologies

“…Polysaccharides show also promising properties for cardiovascular applications. Among them, chitosan and fucoidan present affinity for fibrin and P-selectin respectively [17].…”

Strategies for the enhanced intracellular delivery of nanomaterials

“…In addition, dual ligands can also be used to achieve a synergetic effect [141]. Polysaccharidenanosystems association as well as sialyl Lewis X , hyaluronic acid (HA), heparin, dextran, fucoidan, chitosan, and cyclodextrin are ligands that contribute to local drug delivery, stealthness, enhanced affinity, and stabilization against aggregation [142].…”