Polysaccharide Structures and Their Hypocholesterolemic Potential

Silva, Inês M V; Machado, Fernanda de Souza; Moreno, Maria João; Nunes, Cláudia; Coimbra, Manuel A.; Coreta-Gomes, Filipe

doi:10.3390/molecules26154559

Cited by 49 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(174 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, uronic acids (contrarily to sulphate groups) may have an important role on GDCA sequestration. Other types of polysaccharides primarily composed of uronic acids have been reported to interact with bile acids [ 43 , 44 ], namely pectins, with a degree of methylesterification of 62% [ 43 ]. Considering that GDCA is negatively charged at the intestinal lumen pH, the interactions behind the negatively charged polysaccharides and bile salts should be mostly due to hydrophobic interactions, possible involving the fucose (a deoxy sugar) present in FCSPs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-Soluble Saccharina latissima Polysaccharides and Relation of Their Structural Characteristics with In Vitro Immunostimulatory and Hypocholesterolemic Activities

et al. 2023

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Brown macroalgae are an important source of polysaccharides, mainly fucose-containing sulphated polysaccharides (FCSPs), associated with several biological activities. However, the structural diversity and structure–function relationships for their bioactivities are still undisclosed. Thus, the aim of this work was to characterize the chemical structure of water-soluble Saccharina latissima polysaccharides and evaluate their immunostimulatory and hypocholesterolemic activities, helping to pinpoint a structure–activity relationship. Alginate, laminarans (F1, neutral glucose-rich polysaccharides), and two fractions (F2 and F3) of FCSPs (negatively charged) were studied. Whereas F2 is rich in uronic acids (45 mol%) and fucose (29 mol%), F3 is rich in fucose (59 mol%) and galactose (21 mol%). These two fractions of FCSPs showed immunostimulatory activity on B lymphocytes, which could be associated with the presence of sulphate groups. Only F2 exhibited a significant effect in reductions in in vitro cholesterol’s bioaccessibility attributed to the sequestration of bile salts. Therefore, S. latissima FCSPs were shown to have potential as immunostimulatory and hypocholesterolemic functional ingredients, where their content in uronic acids and sulphation seem to be relevant for the bioactive and healthy properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-Soluble Saccharina latissima Polysaccharides and Relation of Their Structural Characteristics with In Vitro Immunostimulatory and Hypocholesterolemic Activities

et al. 2023

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“…In addition, the TPP-SDF had lower Mw values than MEE- and EE-SDF, mainly because TPP extraction tends to result in low molecular weights of SDF. Previous studies have shown that DF with low molecular weights can more significantly reduce the absorption of cholesterol and promote its excretion in feces [ 39 ]. A lower polydispersity coefficient usually represents a more concentrated and uniform distribution of the molecular weight.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, Physicochemical Property, and Functional Activity of Dietary Fiber Obtained from Pear Fruit Pomace (Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim) via Different Extraction Methods

Peng

Ren

et al. 2022

Foods

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In this study, soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) were extracted from Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim pomace via three methods including enzymic extraction (EE), microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction (MEE), and three-phase partitioning (TPP). The effects of different extraction methods on the structure, physicochemical property, and functional activity of the extracted dietary fiber were evaluated. The results showed that different extraction methods had significant effects on the extraction yield, molecular weight distribution, thermal stability, antioxidant activity, and hypoglycemic activity in vitro, but resulted in no difference in the structure and composition of functional groups. It is noteworthy that SDF extracted by TPP has a more complex and porous structure, lower molecular weight, and higher thermal stability, as well as better physicochemical properties and in vitro hypoglycemic activity. IDF extracted by MEE showed the greatest water and oil holding capacity; the highest adsorption capacity for glucose, cholesterol, and nitrite ion; as well as the strongest inhibitory activity on α-amylase. These results suggest that PUP may be a source of cheap natural dietary fiber.

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“…This suggests that although carbohydrates constitute a certain amount of melanoidins and all SBMSAV, their structures are quite different from that of natural polysaccharides. This also shows that the formation of hydrogen bonds does not occur easily between the polymeric chains, thus promoting their solubility in water 47 .…”

Section: Micromorphology Particle Size Distribution and Dynamic Visco...mentioning

confidence: 85%

Saccharide-bearing macromolecules with melanoidin characteristics from Shanxi aged vinegar exert immunoenhancing effects on macrophage RAW264.7 cells

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Bioactive macromolecule mining is important for the functional chemome dissection of traditional Chinese vinegar. Here, saccharide-bearing macromolecules in Shanxi aged vinegar (SBMSAV) were isolated, characterized, and their immunomodulatory activity was evaluated. Four sub-fractions were obtained through ethanol precipitation followed by refining and DEAE-650M column chromatography. All sub-fractions had a maximum molecular weight of more than 2,667 kDa, with 10 types of monosaccharides identified. Comparative analysis of these sub-fractions with melanoidins from real food and model systems showed that all four sub-fractions had similarities with both melanoidins in elemental composition, spectral signature, and pyrolytic characteristics. Immunological assays showed that the four sub-fractions significantly improved macrophage cell viability and phagocytic activity, and promoted the secretion of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. Immunomodulatory mechanism investigation indicated that SBMSAV enhanced aerobic glycolysis in macrophages and were recognized through TLR2, TLR4, MR, SR, and Dectin-1. Additionally, the MyD88/PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway was found to be involved in the activation of macrophages.

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Polysaccharide Structures and Their Hypocholesterolemic Potential

Cited by 49 publications

References 128 publications

Water-Soluble Saccharina latissima Polysaccharides and Relation of Their Structural Characteristics with In Vitro Immunostimulatory and Hypocholesterolemic Activities

Water-Soluble Saccharina latissima Polysaccharides and Relation of Their Structural Characteristics with In Vitro Immunostimulatory and Hypocholesterolemic Activities

Structure, Physicochemical Property, and Functional Activity of Dietary Fiber Obtained from Pear Fruit Pomace (Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim) via Different Extraction Methods

Saccharide-bearing macromolecules with melanoidin characteristics from Shanxi aged vinegar exert immunoenhancing effects on macrophage RAW264.7 cells

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