Polysialic acid is expressed in human naïve CD4+ T cells and is involved in modulating activation

Villanueva-Cabello, Tania M; Gutiérrez-Valenzuela, Lya D.; López-Guerrero, Delia Vanesa; Cruz-Muñoz, Mario Ernesto; Mora-Montes, Héctor M.; Martínez-Duncker, Iván

doi:10.1093/glycob/cwz032

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Lehti et al showed that E. coli phage may recognize and bind neuroblastoma cells displaying polysialic acid on their surface [26]. If indeed polysialic acid is a ligand for receptors of some phages it could enable those phages to bind to immune cells as the presence of polysialic acid has also been demonstrated on human DCs, NK cells and a subpopulation of T cells [27,28]. Thus, it is likely that various phages may use different cellular ligands to attach to and transcytose target cells including those of the immune system.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phage-Specific Diverse Effects of Bacterial Viruses on the Immune System

et al. 2019

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confidence: 99%

Phage-Specific Diverse Effects of Bacterial Viruses on the Immune System

et al. 2019

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“…During activation of CD4 + T cells, ST8Sia 2 and ST8Sia 4 were found to be upregulated and no expression of ST8Sia 3 was observed (60). The upregulation of ST8Sia 2 and ST8Sia 4 upon activation increased polySia expression in a subpopulation of human peripheral naive CD4 + T cells (Figure 3D) (144). In mice, the activation of CD4 + T, CD8 + T cells, and B cells induces the downregulation of ST8Sia 4; however, the expression of polySia has not been evaluated (67).…”

Section: Polysialic Acid Role In the Adaptive Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 94%

“…The EndoNtreated proteins can be analyzed by WB to confirm a weight shift related to polySia; alternatively, the liberated glycan product can be subjected to structural analysis. EndoN can also be incubated in cell cultures in vitro to evaluate the functional roles of polySia, as well as real-time fluorescence microscopy (143) and flow cytometry (144). Injected EndoN has also been used in vivo to evaluate the role of polySia (145).…”

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confidence: 99%

Polysialic Acid in the Immune System

et al. 2022

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Polysialic acid (polySia) is a highly regulated polymer of sialic acid (Sia) with such potent biophysical characteristics that when expressed drastically influences the interaction properties of cells. Although much of what is known of polySia in mammals has been elucidated from the study of its role in the central nervous system (CNS), polySia is also expressed in other tissues, including the immune system where it presents dynamic changes during differentiation, maturation, and activation of different types of immune cells of the innate and adaptive response, being involved in key regulatory mechanisms. At least six polySia protein carriers (CCR7, ESL-1, NCAM, NRP2, ST8Sia 2, and ST8Sia 4) are expressed in different types of immune cells, but there is still much to be explored in regard not only to the regulatory mechanisms that determine their expression and the structure of polySia chains but also to the identification of the cis- and trans- ligands of polySia that establish signaling networks. This review summarizes the current knowledge on polySia in the immune system, addressing its biosynthesis, its tools for identification and structural characterization, and its functional roles and therapeutic implications.

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“…21,22 In recent years specific binders to polySia have emerged, including neurotrophins like BDNF, 23 and FGF2. 24 Polysialyltransferase activity regulates the activation of CD4+ Tcells 25 and knock-out of the polysialyltransferase ST8SiaIV resulted in T-cell defects in mice. 26 PolySia has been found on other immune cells, 16,26,27 and is more abundant in the serum of males compared to females, suggestiong the possibility that polySia may contribute to sex differences in immune response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited Hydrolysis of Polysialic Acid by Human Neuraminidase Enzymes

Hunter¹,

Cairo

2021

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Regulation of sialic acids by human neuraminidase (hNEU) enzymes is important to many biological processes. Defining hNEU substrate tolerance can help to elucidate the roles of these enzymes in regulating sialosides in human health and disease. Polysialic acid (polySia) is a polyanion of α(2→8) linked sialic acids with roles in nervous, reproductive, and immune systems and is dysregulated in some malignancies and mental disorders. The unique chemical properties of this polymer, which include an enhanced susceptibility to acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, have hampered its study. Herein we describe the first<i> </i>systematic study of hNEU isoenzyme activity towards polysialic acid <i>in vitro.</i> The experimental design allowed us to study the impact of several factors that may influence polysialic acid degradation including pH, polymer size, and the relative ionic strength of the surrounding media. We report that short chains of polysialic acid (degree of polymerization, DP 3-8) were substrates of NEU3 and NEU4 at acidic pH, but not at neutral pH. No hNEU-catalyzed hydrolysis of longer polymers (DP 10-20) was detected. These findings suggest a neuraminidase-independent mechanism for polysialic acid turnover such as internalization and degradation in endosomes and lysosomes.

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Polysialic acid is expressed in human naïve CD4+ T cells and is involved in modulating activation

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Phage-Specific Diverse Effects of Bacterial Viruses on the Immune System

Phage-Specific Diverse Effects of Bacterial Viruses on the Immune System

Polysialic Acid in the Immune System

Limited Hydrolysis of Polysialic Acid by Human Neuraminidase Enzymes

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