Polyurethane/Soya Protein Isolate Green Composites: Spectral, Microstructural, Thermal, Swelling, and Biodegradation Behaviors

Abstract

A series of polyurethane (PU) green composites were synthesized with varying amounts, viz. 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 wt% of soya protein isolate (SPI). Formation of the urethane linkage in the prepared green composites is revealed by infrared spectroscopy. The glass transition temperature (T g ) of the fabricated PU/SPI composites has been evaluated by differential scanning calorimeter. Thermal stability and degradation analysis of the PU/SPI composites have been performed using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). TGA thermograms clearly revealed that the fabricated composites were thermally stable upto 181°C and show a three-step of thermal degradation. The water uptake behaviors of PU/SPI systems have been studied at different chemical environments such as distilled water, salt solution, acidic and alkaline solutions. The microcrystalline parameters such as crystallite size ( N ) and surface weighted crystal size (D s ) have been evaluated from wide-angle X-ray scattering profiles using two different asymmetric distribution functions. PU/SPI green composites were subjected to biodegradation in the presence of Aspergillus niger. The structure-property response of the PU/SPI green composites has been established on the basis of these parameters. C 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 201 , , 21679; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com.

Polyurethane Green Composites: Synthesize, Characterization and Treatment of Boron Present in the Oil Produced Water

“…50 ml of methyl iso butyl ketone (MIBK) solvent is placed in the necked round bottom flask. Calculated amounts of tolylene 2,4 disocyanates (TDI), castor oil (CO) and 3 drops of catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate (DLDBT) are added to MIBK solvent as per standard procedure [6,7]. The flask is then kept on digital hot plate fitted with a condenser.…”

“…The temperature is maintained between 60-70 o C and stirred at 1200 RPM. The reaction between the aromatic TDI isocyanates, which is having two isocyanates groups (NCO) and a hydroxyl group (present in the castor oil) in the presence of catalyst DLDBT produce urethane groups as showed in the equation 1 [6,7].…”

“…Accordingly calculated the density of PU/Algae polymer specimens. The theoretical density is calculated for the composites by the weight additive principle as shown in equation 2 [6,7].…”

“…Formation of the urethane linkage in the prepared green composites is revealed by infrared spectroscopy. TGA thermograms clearly revealed that the fabricated composites were thermally stable upto 181°C and show a three-step of thermal degradation [6]. Indian butter tree seed waste (mahua seed cake [MSC]) is sued as filler and a series of PU composites have been fabricated with varying amounts, namely, 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 wt%, of MSC.…”

“…Synthetic wastewater is prepared simulating the range of boron concentrations in produced water. Four operating parameters pH (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11), charge loading (1200-3600Ah/m 3 ), contact time (15-90 min) and concentration (10-30 mg/L) are selected and their optimum conditions investigated through electrocoagulation process [27]. Various studies reported on the usage of polymer composites for the removal of boron from aqueous solutions.…”