Poor oral health including active caries in 187 UK professional male football players: clinical dental examination performed by dentists

Needleman, Ian; Ashley, Paul; Meehan, Lyndon; Petrie, Aviva; Weiler, Richard; McNally, Steve; Ayer, Chris; Hanna, Rob; Hunt, Ian; Kell, Steve; Ridgewell, Paul; Taylor, Russell

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2015-094953

Cited by 52 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Nine different athlete-reported outcome measures were used in ten observational (epidemiological or surveillance) studies [26, 27, 29, 30, 33, 35, 39, 40, 42, 46]. However, most were designed for use in individual studies without reference to evidence of validity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Reported Outcome Measures of the Impact of Injury and Illness on Athlete Performance: A Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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BackgroundSelf-reported outcome measures of athlete health, wellbeing and performance add information to that obtained from clinical measures. However valid, universally accepted outcome measures are required.ObjectiveTo determine which athlete-reported outcome measures of performance have been used to measure the impact of injury and illness on performance in sport and assess evidence to support their validity.MethodsThe authors searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, SPORTDiscus with Full Text and Cochrane library to January 2016. Predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied and papers included if an outcome measure of performance, assessed in relation to illness, injury or a related intervention, was reported by an elite, adult, able-bodied athlete. A checklist was used to assess eligible outcome measures for aspects of validity. Reporting of this study was guided by PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews.ResultsTwenty athlete-reported outcome measures in 21 papers were identified. Of these 20, only four cited validation. Of these four, three reported evidence to support validity in elite athlete groups as defined by the predetermined checklist. Fifteen patient-reported outcome measures were identified, of which four demonstrated validity in young athletic populations.ConclusionsMost athlete-reported outcome measures of performance have been designed for individual studies with no reported assessment of validity. Despite some limitations, the Oslo Sports Trauma Centre overuse injury questionnaire demonstrates validity and potential utility to investigate the self-reported impact of pre-defined conditions on athletic performance across different sports.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Reported Outcome Measures of the Impact of Injury and Illness on Athlete Performance: A Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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“…A previous study reported that participants with excessive TV viewing showed a higher prevalence of dental caries among schoolchildren in China (Zeng et al 2014). Given that dental caries are adversely associated with the frequency of toothbrushing (Murtomaa 1979;Macgregor et al 1996;Eisalhy et al 2015;Needleman et al 2016), excessive TV viewing could also be associated with a lower brushing frequency. However, our results showed an adverse impact of game-playing, but not TV viewing on toothbrushing frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oral health is one of the most important concerns among athletes due to a high prevalence of dental trauma and diseases, such as dental caries, erosion, and periodontal disease (Ashley et al 2015;Inouye and McGrew 2015;Needleman et al 2016). Although oral conditions have direct impacts on sports performance (Ashley et al 2015), athletes tend to receive examinations/treatments only when needed, and do not attend regular check-ups due to low oral health literacy (Hanke-Herrero et al 2013;McGovern et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the removal of dental plaque, brushing your teeth is one of the most cost-effective self-management tools for preventing oral infectious diseases (Murtomaa 1979;Macgregor et al 1996;Eisalhy et al 2015;Needleman et al 2016). The development of habitual behaviors including toothbrushing in childhood is influenced by a variety of other habitual behaviors, such as eating, sleeping, and screen-viewing (Marshall et al 2004;Ji 2008;Kuwabara and Smith 2012;Tremblay et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Excessive Game Playing Is Associated with Poor Toothbrushing Behavior among Athletic Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Miyagi, Japan

Tsuchiya

Momma

Sekiguchi

et al. 2017

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Dental problems among athletes have been cautioned due to negative impacts not only on their oral health but also on athletic performance. Acquirement of appropriate oral health behavior mainly composed of toothbrushing in childhood can be one of the most important strategies for advancing children's athletic possibilities. Although habits of screen viewing, including game playing, and TV viewing have direct impacts on children's health and behavioral development, little is known about the association between these habits and toothbrushing frequency. A cross-sectional survey examining sports activities was conducted using a self-report questionnaire among school-aged athletic children belonging to the Miyagi Amateur Sports Association (n = 6,658). All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS, and P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The association between a lower brushing frequency (< 2 times a day) and screen-viewing behavior was examined using multivariate logistic models after adjusting for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), studying time, and sleep duration. After adjustment for all covariates, longer game playing (> 2 hrs a day), but not TV viewing, significantly correlated with lower brushing frequency (P for trend < 0.001). Importantly, longer game-playing behavior was also associated with unhealthy dental behavior defined as a lower brushing frequency regardless of the awareness of dental caries (P for trend < 0.001). In conclusion, this is the first study indicating a type-specific unfavorable impact of screen viewing on oral health behavior among athletic children. Excessive game playing may adversely affect oral health literacy more strongly than TV viewing.

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“…Furthermore, studies have shown that elite human athletes report dental disease has a negative impact on their performance (Needleman et al 2013(Needleman et al , 2016. Therefore, we propose that malocclusion might also impact the performance of sport horses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Evaluation of the effects of performance dentistry on equine rideability: a randomized, blinded, controlled trial

Moine

Flammer

Maia-Nussbaumer

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

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Objective: This study attempted to determine: (1) if degree of dental malocclusion assigned prior to dental treatment was associated with equine rideability, assessed using a standardized score and (2) if performance dentistry improved this score. Animals: Thirty-eight Franches-Montagnes stallions. Methods: All horses were examined and assigned a dental malocclusion score by a veterinary dentist and randomized into two groups: sham treatment (Group S) and performance dentistry including occlusal equilibration (Group D). The horses were ridden twice before and three times after treatment by a professional dressage rider (unaware of treatment allocation). The horses were assigned a rideability score using a 27-point scale. The malocclusion score was compared to the average of the first two rideability scores using Spearman's coefficient of rank. Change in rideability scores over time was assessed by repeated measures ANOVA. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: There was no correlation between dental score and rideability score prior to treatment (r s = 0.06, P = 0.73). In addition, there were no differences in the rideability score between treatment groups or as an interaction of treatment group and time (P = 0.93, P = 0.83, respectively). Conclusions: In conclusion, we were unable to show that performance dentistry improved equine rideability assessed by rider scoring. The addition of more objective measurement tools and a longer assessment period may help to scientifically prove what is anecdotally believed.

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Poor oral health including active caries in 187 UK professional male football players: clinical dental examination performed by dentists

Cited by 52 publications

References 21 publications

Self-Reported Outcome Measures of the Impact of Injury and Illness on Athlete Performance: A Systematic Review

Self-Reported Outcome Measures of the Impact of Injury and Illness on Athlete Performance: A Systematic Review

Excessive Game Playing Is Associated with Poor Toothbrushing Behavior among Athletic Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Miyagi, Japan

Evaluation of the effects of performance dentistry on equine rideability: a randomized, blinded, controlled trial

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