Poor-Quality Sleep Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults

Abstract

Sleep disorder and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are important health-related problems. Recently, sleep duration has decreased among Korean adults. In this study, we examined whether sleep quality is associated with MetS by analyzing 301 subjects, aged 20 years or over, without acute and severe illness who visited three primary care clinics. Sleep duration, sleep quality and the risk of sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD) were assessed with a standardized sleeping-estimating instrument. MetS was defined according to the modified diagnostic criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel-III using the Korean abdominal obesity definition. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, compared with the 7-hour sleep group, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of the ≤ 5-and ≥ 9-hour sleep groups for MetS were 4.89 and 5.98, respectively. Compared with the good-sleep quality and low-SRBD risk groups, the adjusted ORs of the poor-quality sleep and high-SRBD risk groups were 3.83 and 1.92, respectively (p < 0.05). In the ≤ 5-and ≥ 9-hour sleep groups, the prevalence of elevated triglyceride and high HOMA-IR was higher (p = 0.069). In the poor-quality sleep group, the prevalence of abdominal obesity, elevated triglyceride, low HDL cholesterol, high fasting insulin and high HOMA-IR were higher. In the high-SRBD risk group, the prevalence of abdominal obesity, obesity and elevated triglyceride were higher (p < 0.05). Overall, the ≤ 5-or ≥ 9-hour sleep duration, poor-quality sleep and high-SRBD risk are related with the high prevalence of MetS, perhaps through elevated insulin-resistance resulting from adiposity.

Health indicators associated with poor sleep quality among university students

“…The located publications in turn confirmed statistically significant associations between LDL-C or HDL-C and poor quality sleep (4)(5)(6) . At the same time, the located studies were carried out principally among adults, the elderly or middle-aged people.…”

“…There is still no conclusive biologically plausible explanation for this, or even for any relationship between sleep and lipid profile. Conjectures exist, such as: individuals with the habit of spending longer in bed (longer duration sleep) are more sedentary and/or overweight than others, inevitably entailing high lipid levels (4)(5)(6) .…”

Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome. An Updated Dose–Risk Metaanalysis

“…A total of 18 studies (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39) were selected for inclusion in this metaanalysis. Table E4 outlines the characteristics of study participants.…”

“…Four studies (28)(29)(30)35) reported MetS using the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (ATP-III) (40). Three studies (24,37,39) reported MetS using the NCEP/ATP III …”

Sleep and Polysomnographic Alterations in Patients with Syndrome Z

“…Subjects with sleep apnea have significantly more possibilities to develop MS and cardiovascular pathology [11]. On the other hand, MS is associated with poor quality of sleep [12], and with excessive daytime sleepiness [13]. For example, Chang et al [14] identified a high prevalence of calcified atheromas in patients with syndrome Z.…”