Population based survey of chronic non-communicable diseases in Dubti and Asayita towns of Afar region, Northeastern Ethiopia

Abstract

Hospital (MCHH), a small urban hospital in Kumasi, Ghana, were enrolled in the study. Oral consent was obtained and the study was approved by Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and the Ethics Committee of the University of Chicago. The time each woman remained in the hospital determined if she was assigned to the early discharge group (<8 hours) or normal discharge group (>8 hours). Information on the pregnancy, delivery and the health of the newborn was recorded at birth. Additional health information was obtained at 1, 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. Findings: The early and normal discharge groups included 123 and 133 women, respectively. The median post-delivery hospital stay at MCHH was 8.9 hours. For all infants in the study, there was a nearly 100 percent completion of immunizations and no infant deaths at 14 weeks. The mean infant weight gain in the first week of life was 0.17 kg for the early discharge group and 0.25 kg for the normal discharge group (Two-Sample T-Test, P¼0.1). Early discharge was not significantly associated with rhinorrhea, cough, diarrhea, fast breathing, vomiting, poor feeding, fever, or seizure. Interpretation: We conclude that for low-risk pregnancies with uncomplicated deliveries, early discharge does not adversely affect infant health at MCHH. We attribute this outcome to an effective triage system between MCHH and a much larger neighboring tertiary care center. These results suggest that development of maternal and child health triaging systems can promote efficiency and cost-reduction in resource limited settings.

Prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence

“…Ten studies reported on the prevalence of DM ( Supplementary Table 1 ). Regional distribution of these studies included four studies from Amhara ( 16 , 27 , 30 ), two studies from Oromia ( 28 , 44 ), one study from Tigray ( 43 ), two studies from Southern Nation, Nationalities and Peoples' regional states ( 14 , 29 ) and one study from Afar ( 42 ). Using the random effect model, the pooled prevalence of DM was 5% with 95% CI (4–7%).…”

“…Study quality scores ranged from four to ten stars. Out of the 22 studies, 11 studies scored ten out of ten ( 10 , 16 , 27 – 35 ), four studies scored nine out of ten ( 9 , 36 – 38 ), two studies scored eight out of ten ( 14 , 39 ), two studies scored seven out of ten ( 40 , 41 ), two studies scored six out of ten ( 42 , 43 ) and one scored four out of ten ( 44 ). The major quality issues for the study that scored four out of 10 included not reporting non-response, not describing data collection tools, not controlling for confounding, inadequate statistical testing, and unjustified small sample sizes.…”

The Magnitude of NCD Risk Factors in Ethiopia: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Evidence

“…Seven studies reported on the magnitude of overweight [50,51,54,57,75,82,88] (Figure 4 and Supplementary Table S2). The pooled prevalence of overweight was 20% [95% CI 14.0−25%).…”

“…The first study was conducted in an urban centre in Dire Dawa [66], and the second was conducted in a demographic and health surveillance site (Gilgel Gibe) which comprised both urban and rural areas [87]. Another study conducted from 2008 to 2009 found that 18% of participants (n = 548) were physically inactive [88]. This study was conducted in an urban environment in the Afar regional state.…”

“…Six studies conducted from 2012 to 2017 reported highly variable smoking prevalence, but also utilised different methods to measure smoking [61,74,[86][87][88]92] (Supplementary Table S5). A study based on the 2011 demographic and health survey data reported a smoking prevalence of 3.21% [61], whilst another study conducted from 2008 to 2009 in southwestern Ethiopia (Oromia region) reported a prevalence of 9.3% [87].…”