Population Dynamics of Suburban Blackbirds

Batten, L. A.

doi:10.1080/00063657309476389

Cited by 52 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It has been proposed that since their colonization of central European cities in the early nineteenth century, urban populations of European blackbirds have adapted to this new environment, as evidenced for instance, by a higher breeding density compared with non-urban populations (Luniak et al 1990). However, it has not been adequately tested whether urban populations are self-sustaining or whether there is a continual influx from the forest: while Erz (1964), based on estimated mortality and recruitment rates, suggested that the urban blackbird population of Cologne is only maintained by immigration from the surrounding regions, Batten (1973) found that the urban blackbird population in London is rather stable and even includes a surplus of juveniles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the timing of reproduction between urban and forest European blackbirds (Turdus merula): result of phenotypic flexibility or genetic differences?

Partecke

Hof

Gwinner

2004

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

156

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Species which have settled in urban environments are exposed to different conditions from their wild conspecifics. A previous comparative study of an urban and a forest-living European blackbird population had revealed a three weeks earlier onset of gonadal growth in urban individuals. These physiological adjustments are either the result of genetic differences that have evolved during the urbanization process, or of phenotypic flexibility resulting from the bird's exposure to the different environmental conditions of town or forest. To identify which of these two mechanisms causes the differences in reproductive timing, hand-reared birds originating from the urban and the forest populations were kept in identical conditions. The substantial differences in the timing of reproduction between urban and forest birds known from the field did not persist under laboratory conditions, indicating that temporal differences in reproductive timing between these two populations are mainly a result of phenotypic flexibility. Nevertheless, urban males initiated plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion and testicular development earlier than forest males in their first reproductive season. Moreover, plasma LH concentration and follicle size declined earlier in urban females than in forest females, suggesting that genetic differences are also involved and might contribute to the variations in the timing of reproduction in the wild.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the timing of reproduction between urban and forest European blackbirds (Turdus merula): result of phenotypic flexibility or genetic differences?

Partecke

Hof

Gwinner

2004

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

156

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These urban populations continue to expand northeastward with a growing number of breeding pairs in towns (Cramp 1988, Luniak et al 1990, Mulsow & Tomiałojc 1997, Collar 2005. Breeding birds here have seemingly better reproductive success compared to birds breeding in rural areas (Batten 1973) however, this difference has decreased in the Netherlands (Dix et al 1998) in the past decades. Urban populations may also be more dense and have higher between-season recruitment rates (Batten 1973 (Havlin 1963).…”

Section: For Details)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Breeding birds here have seemingly better reproductive success compared to birds breeding in rural areas (Batten 1973) however, this difference has decreased in the Netherlands (Dix et al 1998) in the past decades. Urban populations may also be more dense and have higher between-season recruitment rates (Batten 1973 (Havlin 1963). The mating system of Blackbirds is social monogamy, though a few exceptional cases of polygamy have been recorded.…”

Section: For Details)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory analyses ofmigration timing andmorphometrics of the Common Blackbird (Turdus merula)

Csörgő

Fehérvári

Karcza³

et al. 2017

Ornis Hungarica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ornithological studies often rely on long-term bird ringing data sets as sources of information. However, basic descriptive statistics of raw data are rarely provided. In order to fill this gap, here we present the fourth item of a series of exploratory analyses of migration timing and body size measurements of the most frequent Passerine species at a ringing station located in Central Hungary (1984-2016). First, we give a concise description of foreign ring recoveries of the Common Blackbird in relation to Hungary. We then shift focus to data of 6849 ringed individuals and 6081 recaptures derived from the ringing station, where birds have been trapped, handled and ringed with standardized methodology since 1984. Timing is described through annual and daily capture and recapture frequencies and their descriptive statistics. We show annual mean arrival dates within the study period and present the cumulative distributions of first captures with stopover durations. We present the distributions of wing, third primary, tail length and body mass, and the annual means of these variables. Furthermore, we show the distributions of individual fat and muscle scores, and the distributions of body mass within each fat score category. We distinguish the spring and autumn migratory periods, breeding and wintering seasons, ages (i.e. juveniles and adults) and the two sexes. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the analysed variables. However, we do not aim to interpret the obtained results, merely to draw attention to interesting patterns that may be worth exploring in detail. Data used here are available upon request for further analyses.

show abstract

“…correspondientes a las 40 ± 1 que anidaron en el área objeto de este estudio. Valores análogos aparecen en algunas áreas suburbanas londinenses (Batten 1973). No obstante la densidad de la partida de Montiver es superior a bastantes de las obtenidas en medios rurales de distintos puntos dé Europa (Havlín, 1963;Stein, 1968;Batten, 1973); estudios efectuados en la región pirenaica muestran igualmente una densidad inferior a la saguntina (Purroy, 1972(Purroy, , 1974(Purroy, y 1975, Pedrocch¡(1973Pedrocch¡( , 1975.…”

Section: Densidadunclassified

Untitled

1977

MDTRRA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

7 más largo y la maza más corta, de suerte que el primer artejo de ésta es más corto que los cuatro precedentes reunidos.Pronoto poco más ancho que largo y más estrecho que los élitros en el 6; más transverso y tan ancho como los élitros en la $>; márgenes algo explanadas, depresión basal transversa bien marcada, sin elevación longitudinal media impunteada en ambos sexos. Élitros doble tan largos como anchos, de lados paralelos en sus dos primeros tercios, redondeados conjuntamente en el último. Edeago según muestra la fig. 3. Por la brevedad de los artejos 6.°, 7.° y 8.° de las antenas, el cuerpo proporcionalmente ancho, la talla sobrepasando los 3 mm., la coloración oscura, los ángulos anteriores del protórax borrados, los lados del mismo nada sinuosos y los élitros doble tan largos como anchos llegamos, utilizando las claves de determinación de los Ernobius paleárticos del Dr. JOHNSON, a E. nigrinus Sturm. y E. freudei Lohs. con los que está indudablemente relacionado, pero bien distinto de ambos por la región apical de los élitros manchada de un rojo vivo, por los ojos regularmente redondeados y muy salientes en ambos sexos, por el notable desarrollo de los mismos en el 3, por la gracilidad y acusado alargamiento de los tres últimos artejos de las antenas en el indicado sexo, que presenta además el protórax menos transverso, en fin, por la conformación del edeago que si bien muy próxima a la de E. freudei ( fig. 4) difiere del de éste por diferentes detalles como ponen de manifiesto las figuras que se acompañan.Ernobius syriacus Pie. Kozak Outlupinar. Sólo conocido de Siria y Turquía; en la madera de cedro, con cuyo árbol parece asociado.Ernobius kailidisi Johns. Tekir; Ovacik. Descrito de Grecia y sólo conocido hasta el presente de dicho país; en las pinas de Abies cephalonica.Recuerda mucho a E. abietis (F.) del que difiere por las antenas más largas y más robustas, por la granulación de la parte superior del cuerpo más densamente dispuesta y por la forma muy distinta del edeago.Anobium (Anobium) punctatum D.G. Istambul. Conocido carcoma de los muebles, común en Europa, Norte de África, Asia paleártica, Norte de América y con una marcada tendencia al cosmopolitismo.Anobium (Hemicoelum) costatum Ar. Ulu-Dag, 800-1.700 m. Frecuente y extendido por una gran parte de Europa, incluidos los países mediterráneos, de ordinario en la madera muerta de haya, siendo uno de los elementos característicos de la biocenosis de dicho árbol; puede, no obstante, desarrollarse en la madera muerta de otras frondosas. 9Anobium (Hemicoelum) fulvicorne Sturm. Samsun; Bolu, entre Elmalik y Bakacak, 850 m.; Akcakoca, 400 m. Insecto de amplia dispersión europea alcanzando, al igual que el precedente, los países mediterráneos; en la madera muerta de frondosas, preferentemente de haya, pero también de carpe, cerezo, avellano, etc.Xyletinus fulvicollis Reitt. Amasya, 420-900 m.; Tarsus Tekir. Señalado del Cáucaso (Valle de Araxes), Asia Menor, Islas Esporades y Siria, el presente insecto fue descrito y considerado en un principio (1890...

show abstract

Population Dynamics of Suburban Blackbirds

Cited by 52 publications

References 2 publications

Differences in the timing of reproduction between urban and forest European blackbirds (Turdus merula): result of phenotypic flexibility or genetic differences?

Differences in the timing of reproduction between urban and forest European blackbirds (Turdus merula): result of phenotypic flexibility or genetic differences?

Exploratory analyses ofmigration timing andmorphometrics of the Common Blackbird (Turdus merula)

Untitled

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About