Population-level factors predicting variation in influenza vaccine uptake among adults and young children in England, 2015/16 and 2016/17

Tessier, Elise; Warburton, Fiona; Tsang, Camille; Rafeeq, S.; Boddington, Nicola L.; Sinnathamby, Mary; Pebody, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.04.074

“…However, vaccine uptake among clinical risk groups is low, particularly for Black and Mixed Black ethnic groups 6 . This is consistent with previous findings that Black ethnicity is associated with lower influenza vaccine uptake among children and pregnant women 7 – 9 . In addition, people of non-White ethnicity have higher risk of severe outcomes following influenza infection 10 , 11 .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Ethnic differences in the incidence of clinically diagnosed influenza: an England population-based cohort study 2008-2018

Davidson

¹

,

Banerjee

²

,

Mathur

³

et al. 2021

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Background: People of non-White ethnicity have a higher risk of severe outcomes following influenza infection. It is unclear whether this is driven by an increased risk of infection or complications. We therefore aimed to investigate the incidence of clinically diagnosed influenza/influenza-like illness (ILI) by ethnicity in England from 2008-2018. Methods: We used linked primary and secondary healthcare data (from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink [CPRD] GOLD and Aurum databases and Hospital Episodes Statistics Admitted Patient Care [HES APC]). We included patients with recorded ethnicity who were aged 40-64 years and did not have a chronic health condition that would render them eligible for influenza vaccination. ILI infection was identified from diagnostic codes in CPRD and HES APC. We calculated crude annual infection incidence rates by ethnic group. Multivariable Poisson regression models with random effects were used to estimate any ethnic disparities in infection risk. Our main analysis adjusted for age, sex, and influenza year. Results: A total of 3,735,308 adults aged 40-64 years were included in the study; 87.6% White, 5.2% South Asian, 4.2% Black, 1.9% Other, and 1.1% Mixed. We identified 102,316 ILI episodes recorded among 94,623 patients. The rate of ILI was highest in the South Asian (9.6 per 1,000 person-years), Black (8.4 per 1,000 person-years) and Mixed (6.9 per 1,000 person-years) ethnic groups. The ILI rate in the White ethnic group was 5.7 per 1,000 person-years. After adjustment for age sex and influenza year, higher incidence rate ratios (IRR) for ILI were seen for South Asian (1.70, 95% CI 1.66-1.75), Black (1.48, 1.44-1.53) and Mixed (1.22, 1.15-1.30) groups compared to White ethnicity. Conclusions: Our results suggest that influenza infection risk differs between White and non-White groups who are not eligible for routine influenza vaccination.

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“…However, vaccine uptake among clinical risk groups is low, particularly for Black and Mixed Black ethnic groups 6 . This is consistent with previous findings that Black ethnicity is associated with lower influenza vaccine uptake among children and pregnant women [7][8][9] . In addition, people of non-White ethnicity have higher risk of severe outcomes following influenza infection 10,11 .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Ethnic differences in the incidence of clinically diagnosed influenza: an England population-based cohort study 2008-2018

Davidson

¹

,

Banerjee

²

,

Mathur

³

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: People of non-White ethnicity have a higher risk of severe outcomes following influenza infection. It is unclear whether this is driven by an increased risk of infection or complications. We therefore aimed to investigate the incidence of clinically diagnosed influenza/influenza-like illness (ILI) by ethnicity in England from 2008-2018. Methods: We used linked primary and secondary healthcare data (from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink [CPRD] GOLD and Aurum databases and Hospital Episodes Statistics Admitted Patient Care [HES APC]). We included patients with recorded ethnicity who were aged 40-64 years and did not have a chronic health condition that would render them eligible for influenza vaccination. ILI infection was identified from diagnostic codes in CPRD and HES APC. We calculated crude annual infection incidence rates by ethnic group. Multivariable Poisson regression models with random effects were used to estimate any ethnic disparities in infection risk. Our main analysis adjusted for age, sex, and influenza year. Results: A total of 3,735,308 adults aged 40-64 years were included in the study; 87.6% White, 5.2% South Asian, 4.2% Black, 1.9% Other, and 1.1% Mixed. We identified 102,316 ILI episodes recorded among 94,623 patients. The rate of ILI was highest in the South Asian (9.6 per 1,000 person-years), Black (8.4 per 1,000 person-years) and Mixed (6.9 per 1,000 person-years) ethnic groups. The ILI rate in the White ethnic group was 5.7 per 1,000 person-years. After adjustment for age sex and influenza year, higher incidence rate ratios (IRR) for ILI were seen for South Asian (1.70, 95% CI 1.66-1.75), Black (1.48, 1.44-1.53) and Mixed (1.22, 1.15-1.30) groups compared to White ethnicity. Conclusions: Our results suggest that influenza infection risk differs between White and non-White groups who are not eligible for routine influenza vaccination.

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“…[30][31][32][33][34][35][36] The articles were published from 2010 to 2020. Eleven articles were from the USA, 30,32,35,41,45,46,48,59,60,65,66 six from Australia, [49][50][51]53,61,63 four from France, 31,43,47,57 two from Canada, 56,62 two from the UK 40,55 and one each from Belgium, 54 Brazil, 33 Greece, 44 Hong Kong, 64 Ireland, 52 Japan, 42 Nicaragua, 58 Singapore 34 and Spain. 36 The main characteristics of the included studies are summarized in Tables 1 and S2.…”

Section: Re Sultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociodemographic and health‐related determinants of seasonal influenza vaccination in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the evidence since 2000

Okoli

¹

,

Reddy

²

,

Al-Yousif

³

et al. 2021

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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Introduction: Vaccination is considered to be the most practical and effective preventative measure against influenza. It is highly recommended for population subgroups most at risk of developing complications, including pregnant women. However, seasonal influenza vaccine uptake remains suboptimal among pregnant women, even in jurisdictions with universal vaccination. We summarized the evidence on the determinants of seasonal influenza vaccine uptake during pregnancy to better understand factors that influence vaccine uptake among pregnant women. Material and methods:We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL from January 2000 to February 2020 for publications in English reporting on sociodemographic and/or health-related determinants of seasonal influenza vaccine uptake during pregnancy. Two reviewers independently included studies. One reviewer extracted data and assessed study quality, and another reviewer checked extracted data and study quality assessments for errors. Disagreements were resolved through consensus, or a third reviewer. We meta-analyzed using the inverse variance, randomeffects method, and reported the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: From 1663 retrieved citations, we included 36 studies. The following factors were associated with increased seasonal influenza vaccine uptake: Older age (20

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Population-level factors predicting variation in influenza vaccine uptake among adults and young children in England, 2015/16 and 2016/17

Cited by 25 publications

References 17 publications

Ethnic differences in the incidence of clinically diagnosed influenza: an England population-based cohort study 2008-2018

Ethnic differences in the incidence of clinically diagnosed influenza: an England population-based cohort study 2008-2018

Ethnic differences in the incidence of clinically diagnosed influenza: an England population-based cohort study 2008-2018

Sociodemographic and health‐related determinants of seasonal influenza vaccination in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the evidence since 2000

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