Population Mobility and the Geography of Microbial Threats

Wilson, Mary

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-49711-2_2

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Today, population mobility and migration are unprecedented in volume, speed and reach [36], and immigrants from developing and middle-income countries have emerged as populations significantly affected by HIV in many high-income countries in Europe, North America and Australasia. The vulnerabilities of immigrants living in high-income countries to the negative impacts of HIV include social exclusion along with socioeconomic, cultural and language barriers to HIV prevention [5,7].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HIV among immigrants living in high-income countries: a realist review of evidence to guide targeted approaches to behavioural HIV prevention

McMahon

Ward

2012

Syst Rev

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BackgroundImmigrants from developing and middle-income countries are an emerging priority in HIV prevention in high-income countries. This may be explained in part by accelerating international migration and population mobility. However, it may also be due to the vulnerabilities of immigrants including social exclusion along with socioeconomic, cultural and language barriers to HIV prevention. Contemporary thinking on effective HIV prevention stresses the need for targeted approaches that adapt HIV prevention interventions according to the cultural context and population being addressed. This review of evidence sought to generate insights into targeted approaches in this emerging area of HIV prevention.MethodsWe undertook a realist review to answer the research question: ‘How are HIV prevention interventions in high-income countries adapted to suit immigrants’ needs?’ A key goal was to uncover underlying theories or mechanisms operating in behavioural HIV prevention interventions with immigrants, to uncover explanations as how and why they work (or not) for particular groups in particular contexts, and thus to refine the underlying theories. The realist review mapped seven initial mechanisms underlying culturally appropriate HIV prevention with immigrants. Evidence from intervention studies and qualitative studies found in systematic searches was then used to test and refine these seven mechanisms.ResultsThirty-four intervention studies and 40 qualitative studies contributed to the analysis and synthesis of evidence. The strongest evidence supported the role of ‘consonance’ mechanisms, indicating the pivotal need to incorporate cultural values into the intervention content. Moderate evidence was found to support the role of three other mechanisms – ‘understanding’, ‘specificity’ and ‘embeddedness’ – which indicated that using the language of immigrants, usually the ‘mother tongue’, targeting (in terms of ethnicity) and the use of settings were also critical elements in culturally appropriate HIV prevention. There was mixed evidence for the roles of ‘authenticity’ and ‘framing’ mechanisms and only partial evidence to support role of ‘endorsement’ mechanisms.ConclusionsThis realist review contributes to the explanatory framework of behavioural HIV prevention among immigrants living in high-income countries and, in particular, builds a greater understanding of the suite of mechanisms that underpin adaptations of interventions by the cultural context and population being targeted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Population mobility and migration are unprecedented today in volume, speed and reach [36]. With more rapid and frequent travel, the multiple health environments that immigrants reside in, and return to, can become more closely linked.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV among immigrants living in high-income countries: a realist review of evidence to guide targeted approaches to behavioural HIV prevention

McMahon

Ward

2012

Syst Rev

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“…6 Temporary entrants, mostly students and skilled workers, typically reside in Australia for up to 4 years at a time. In addition to the large numbers of temporary migrants, the mobility of the general population is unprecedented today in volume, speed and reach, 17 focussing attention on travel and mobility, particularly to and from high HIV prevalence countries, as a potential driver of HIV transmission.…”

Section: Emerging Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guarding against emerging epidemics: addressing HIV and AIDS among culturally and linguistically diverse communities in NSW

McMahon

Moreton

Luisi

2010

NSW Public Health Bull.

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In Australia, people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, largely born in low- and middle-income countries, accounted for 24% of HIV notifications in the period 2004-2008. NSW has one of the most culturally diverse communities in Australia and is also the most popular destination for both permanent and temporary migrants. Consequently people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds have recently been recognised as a priority in the NSW HIV/AIDS Strategy. The National Health and Medical Research Council provides a cultural competency framework for re-orienting public health and health promotion programs to better meet the needs of these communities. It is being applied to re-orientate the HIV response in NSW. Examples of how this framework can be implemented are provided.

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Tourism Disaster Preparedness Post-COVID-19 Pandemic: The Example of Argentina

Korstanje¹

2021

Tourism Destination Management in a Post-Pandemic Context

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Population Mobility and the Geography of Microbial Threats

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

HIV among immigrants living in high-income countries: a realist review of evidence to guide targeted approaches to behavioural HIV prevention

HIV among immigrants living in high-income countries: a realist review of evidence to guide targeted approaches to behavioural HIV prevention

Guarding against emerging epidemics: addressing HIV and AIDS among culturally and linguistically diverse communities in NSW

Tourism Disaster Preparedness Post-COVID-19 Pandemic: The Example of Argentina

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