Pore Size Distributions in Microporous Membranes II. Bulk Characterization of Track-Etched Filters by Air Porometry and Mercury Porosimetry

Calvo, José Ignacio Madalena; Hernández, Antonio; Prádanos, Pedro; Ochoa-Martínez, Luz Araceli; Bowen, W. Richard

doi:10.1006/jcis.1995.9944

Cited by 87 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the literature, the average pore size and the largest pore size of a track-etched polymeric membrane with a cylindrical pore structure and a very narrow pore size distribution, representing the ideal conditions for measuring the largest pore size, are essentially the same. 32) However, the average pore size and the largest pore size of a metallic membrane with an asymmetrical pore structure 33) are unambiguously different. One important consideration is that these studies 34) focused on the discrepancies among the average pore size, the largest pore size, and pore size distribution as measured by either mercury porosimetry or capillary flow porosimetry.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of sacrificial templates on the pore characteristics of sintered diatomite membranes

Song

2013

J. Ceram. Soc. Japan

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Recently, porous ceramic membranes have become an interesting subject due to their outstanding thermal and chemical stability. Among the many types of ceramics, as diatomite is inherently porous and irregular, it is worthwhile to investigate the relationship between the characteristics of sacrificial templates and porous microstructures after sintering. Therefore, sintered diatomite membranes were prepared with 8¯m solid polymer spheres, 20¯m solid polymer spheres, wheat starch, and light clusters of aggregated carbon nanotubes while varying the amount of sacrificial template material by dry pressing at 25 MPa. The results show that the characteristics of the sacrificial templates, e.g., the rigidity, directly affect the pore characteristics and accordingly determine the permeability of sintered diatomite membranes. Also, we discuss whether the largest pore sizes and average pore sizes of the sintered diatomite membranes reflect the actual permeability appropriately.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of sacrificial templates on the pore characteristics of sintered diatomite membranes

Song

2013

J. Ceram. Soc. Japan

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“…Se observa nuevamente un acuerdo razonable con los valores nominales propuestos por el fabricante, aunque en algunos casos las desviaciones son importantes, especialmente respecto a los datos de porosidad. Estos valores de la porosidad se han comparado con los procedentes de diversas técnicas de caracterización, (7,9,10). Los resultados de dicha comparación se presentan en la Figura 4, para un conjunto representativo de las membranas analizadas.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Estudio estructural de membranas cyclopore de microfiltración

Calvo¹,

Palacio²,

Prádanos³

et al. 2000

Bol. Soc. Esp. Ceram. Vidr.

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La Microscopía de Fuerza Atómica (AFM), de reciente desarrollo, se ha revelado como una técnica especialmente valiosa en la caracterización de todo tipo de superficies y materiales. En este trabajo se ha utilizado dicha técnica en la caracterización superficial de diversos filtros de microfiltración, obtenidos por el método de revelado de trazas nucleares, y en consecuencia, especialmente útiles como membranas test, debido a su simple estructura. Para estas membranas se han estudiado diversos parámetros de interés estructural, como son la porosidad, la distribución de tamaños de poro y la rugosidad superficial de las mismas. Todos estos parámetros han sido convenientemente analizados y sus resultados comparados con los obtenidos por otras técnicas de caracterización complementarias, a fin de asegurar su validez y fiabilidad. Se ha obtenido información importante sobre la estructura de dichas membranas, especialmente se ha determinado una importante asimetría entre las caras de la membrana, asimetría que se atribuye al proceso de bombardeo que constituye la fase esencial del método de fabricación de las mismas.Palabras clave: Membranas, microfiltración, microscopía de fuerza atómica, porometría de aire, porosimetría de mercurio. Structural study of cyclopore microfiltration membranes.Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), a recently developed technique, has proved to be a specially useful tool to characterise different types of material surfaces. In this work, we have used AFM to achieve a complete surface characterisation of several microfiltration membranes. These membranes are obtained by the track-etching method and, consequently, they are very suitable as test membranes, as having a very simple porous structure. For these membranes, several interesting structural parameters have been studied, as: porosity, pore size distributions and surface roughness of the membrane samples. All these parameters, conveniently analysed, have been compared with results obtained from other complementary characterisation techniques, to assure the realiability and validity of the obtained results. Important information on the membrane samples structure has been obtained. In that sense has been determined a clear asymmetry between both membrane sides, asymmetry that can be attributed to the manufacture process itself.Keywords: Membranes, microfiltration, atomic force microscopy, air displacement porometry, mercury porosimetry. INTRODUCCIÓNLas membranas de microfiltración presentan un extenso campo de utilización industrial, con aplicaciones plenamente desarrolladas en campos tan diversos como procesos farmacéuticos, biotecnología o producción de alimentos. A fin de optimizar la utilización de los diversos tipos de membranas existentes en el mercado en las diferentes aplicaciones industriales posibles, se hace necesario un completo y amplio conocimiento previo de las características y posibilidades de dichos filtros. En este sentido, su caracterización estructural, tanto superficial como en volumen, se puede acometer utilizando un amplio ...

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“…Similar analysis using curve-fitting instead of mode value to determine average pore size, has been used by other researchers [30].…”

Section: Sem Imaging and Pore Size Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of iCVD film thickness and conformality on the permeability and wetting of MD membranes

Servi

Guillén-Burrieza²,

Warsinger

et al. 2017

Journal of Membrane Science

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Membranes possessing high permeability to water vapor and high liquid entry pressure (LEP) are necessary for efficient membrane distillation (MD) desalination. A common technique to prepare specialized MD membranes consists of coating a hydrophilic or hydrophobic base membrane with a low surface-energy material. This increases its liquid entry pressure, making the membrane suitable for MD. However, in addition to increasing LEP, the surface-coating may also decrease permeability of the membrane by reducing its average pore size. In this study, we quantify the effects of initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) polymer coatings on membrane permeability and LEP. We consider whether the iCVD films should have minimized thickness or maximized non-conformality, in order to maximize the permeability achieved for a given value of LEP. We determined theoretically that permeability of a single pore is maximized with a highly non-conformal iCVD coating. However, the overall permeability of a membrane consisting of many pores is maximized when iCVD film thickness is minimized. We applied the findings experimentally, preparing an iCVD-treated track-etched polycarbonate (PCTE) membrane and testing it in a permeate gap membrane distillation (PCMD) system. This study focuses on membranes with clearly defined, cylindrical pores. However, we believe that the principles we discuss will extend to membranes with more complex pore architectures. Overall, this work indicates that the focus of surface-coating development should be on minimizing film thickness, not on increasing their non-conformality. Keywords: Membrane distillation (MD), Desalination, Track-etched polycarbonate (PCTE) membranes, Dusty gas model, Initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). SLStep coverage of the iCVD coating, can be written as = S(x)Step coverage of the iCVD coating within the membrane, written as =

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Pore Size Distributions in Microporous Membranes II. Bulk Characterization of Track-Etched Filters by Air Porometry and Mercury Porosimetry

Cited by 87 publications

References 14 publications

The effect of sacrificial templates on the pore characteristics of sintered diatomite membranes

The effect of sacrificial templates on the pore characteristics of sintered diatomite membranes

Estudio estructural de membranas cyclopore de microfiltración

The effects of iCVD film thickness and conformality on the permeability and wetting of MD membranes

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