Pore Structure Characterization and Fractal Characteristics of Tight Limestone Based on Low-Temperature Nitrogen Adsorption and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Abstract

Pore structure characterization and fractal analysis have great significance for understanding and evaluating tight limestone reservoirs. In this work, the pore structure of tight limestone, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption (LTNA), and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are characterized, and the fractal dimension of the pore structure of tight limestone is discussed based on LTNA and NMR data. The results indicate that the pores of tight limestone have H3 and H4 types, the pore size distribution (PSD) of the H3 type is a wave distribution ranging from 2 to 10 nm, and the PSD of the H4 type is a unimodal distribution ranging from 2 to 10 nm. The transverse relaxation time (T2) spectrum of tight limestone shows a single peak (DF), double peak (SF), and triple peak (TF), and the ranges for the T2 spectra for micropores, mesopores, and macropores are 0.1 to 10 ms, 10 to 100 ms, and greater than 100 ms, respectively. The LTNA fractal dimension of tight limestone (DL) ranges between 2.4446 and 2.7688, with an average of 2.5729, and the NMR fractal dimensions of micropores (DNMR1), mesopores (DNMR2), and macropores (DNMR3) are distributed between 0.3744 and 1.1293, 2.4263 and 2.9395, and 2.6582 and 2.9989, respectively. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between DL and average pore radius, a positive correlation between DL and specific surface area, and a positive correlation between DNMR2 and DNMR3 and micropore content, while DNMR2 and DNMR3 are negatively correlated with the content of mesopores and macropores.