Porous organic polymers (POPs) for environmental remediation

Fajal, Sahel; Dutta, Subhajit; Ghosh, Sujit K.

doi:10.1039/d3mh00672g

Cited by 73 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 382 publications

(522 reference statements)

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“…However, their use in such applications is often associated with certain limitations such as low adsorption capabilities (of traditional porous materials), synthetic challenges (to obtain COFs), and the relatively poor hydrolytic stabilities (of MOFs) . Therefore, research attention of contemporary researchers is gradually shifting toward the design and development of porous organic polymers (POPs)a new class of solid sorbents that can quickly and effectively remove various water pollutants from wastewater. , Though POPs feature properties expected in an ideal adsorbent, these are not quite effective for the removal of ionic contaminants present in polluted water. This has led to the emergence of a newer subclass of POPs, namely, the “ionic porous organic polymers (iPOPs)” that possess a net surface charge on the polymeric network .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triptycene-Based Cationic Porous Organic Polymer for the Swift and Effective Removal of Organic and Inorganic Anionic Water Pollutants

Hassan,

Das

2023

ACS Appl. Eng. Mater.

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Inadequate access to clean water is an acute problem that is known to affect a sizable human population residing in several parts of our planet. Continuous growth in industrialization, energy production, and mining activities has significantly increased the presence of various environmental contaminants in water sources, including heavy metal ions, emerging organic pollutants, and radioactive nuclear wastes. Innovative methods are urgently needed in this sector as current technologies for purifying polluted water are often either expensive, operationally slow, have limited sustainability, or are restricted to specific pollutants. To address these concerns, it is necessary to develop improved and costeffective water treatment technologies. Herein, a positively charged porous organic polymer (TP_iPOP-2) was synthesized via a facile onestep Menskhutin reaction. Subsequent to characterization, TP_iPOP-2 was tested as an adsorbent for the removal of several commonly detected anionic water pollutants. Experimental results show that TP_iPOP-2 has a remarkable potential to absorb diverse inorganic and organic water contaminants, such as CrO 4 2− , TcO 4 − , I 3 − , picrate, and organic dyes (alizarin red S and methyl orange) with high uptake capacities in each case. Simultaneously, TP_iPOP-2 also exhibited fast sieving kinetics toward these pollutants. Our results demonstrate the ability of TP_iPOP-2 to successfully purify water containing a wider spectrum of contaminants. In addition, the effectiveness of TP_iPOP-2 in capturing toxic pollutants did not change to any significant extent, even in the presence of other competitive anions. The TP_iPOP-2 also shows high distribution coefficients (K d > 10 5 mg/L), which is a characteristic feature of a good adsorbent. Overall, TP_iPOP-2 has most of the features that are expected for an ideal adsorbent for water purification. Hence, TP_iPOP-2 has the potential to be an affordable alternative to the adsorbent materials currently employed in water treatment applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triptycene-Based Cationic Porous Organic Polymer for the Swift and Effective Removal of Organic and Inorganic Anionic Water Pollutants

Hassan,

Das

2023

ACS Appl. Eng. Mater.

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“…Porous organic polymers (POPs) have gained significant recognition in comparison to their inorganic counterparts due to their remarkable chemical and physical stability, as well as their customizable structure. [1,2] This group of POPs encompasses hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCPs), [3] polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs), [4] covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs), [5] and conjugated microporous or porous polymers (CMPs or CPPs). [6] CPPs are typically synthesized using metalcatalyzed cross-coupling reactions, direct-arylation polymerization, cyclotrimerization reaction, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring Band Gaps in Thienyltriazine based Conjugated Porous Polymers through Comonomer Variation

Kumar,

Agrawal,

Karmakar

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a series of conjugated porous polymers (CPPs) based on a 2,4,6‐tris(5‐ethynylthiophen‐2‐yl)‐1,3,5‐triazine (TT) core moiety. TT was coupled with several conjugated building blocks as comonomers, including naphthodithiophene, benzodithiophene, bithiophene, tetraphenyl porphyrin, azulene, and perylene diimide, utilizing the Sonogashira‐coupling reaction to produce narrow band gap (1.73–2.19 eV) CPPs. The solid‐state UV‐visible spectra demonstrated broad absorption in 350 nm to 900 nm region, indicating extended π‐conjugation in the polymers. The photophysical properties of the polymers have been tuned by the judicious choice of comonomer. The obtained CPPs exhibit excellent thermal stability, reaching as high as 500 °C, and porosity insights reveal dominance of mesopores and macropores. Morphological studies reveal that 2‐ethylhexyl substituted perylene diimide hinder the stacking amongst the polymeric backbone, resulting in featureless aggregates, whereas the cyclohexyl group on perylene diimide results in well‐defined nanofibrous morphology. These narrow band‐gap CPPs hold promise for applications in energy storage, organic electronics, photocatalysis and sensing technologies.

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“…In the past few years, rational design strategies have yielded several excellent advanced porous materials for the specific sequestration of ROI species. In this regard, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) 13–15 and porous organic polymers (POPs) 16,17 or covalent organic frameworks (COFs) 18–20 are two widely-known porous materials constructed from the coordination of metal ions/clusters with organic linkers and with the covalent assembly of pure organic small molecules, respectively, which have been successfully tested for the capture of CH 3 I or CH 3 CH 2 I. 7,21–26 These materials were found to exhibit excellent ROI adsorption capacities due to their collective properties of high porosity with large pore volume and tailored surface functionalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling mechanistic insights into covalent organic frameworks for highly efficient sequestration of organic iodides from simulated nuclear waste

Fajal,

Majumder,

Mandal

et al. 2023

J. Mater. Chem. A

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Porous organic polymers (POPs) for environmental remediation

Abstract: Modern global industrialization along with ever-increasing growth of population have resulted in continuous enhancement in the discharge and accumulation of various toxic and hazardous chemicals in the environment. These harmful...

Cited by 73 publications

References 382 publications

Triptycene-Based Cationic Porous Organic Polymer for the Swift and Effective Removal of Organic and Inorganic Anionic Water Pollutants

Triptycene-Based Cationic Porous Organic Polymer for the Swift and Effective Removal of Organic and Inorganic Anionic Water Pollutants

Tailoring Band Gaps in Thienyltriazine based Conjugated Porous Polymers through Comonomer Variation

Unraveling mechanistic insights into covalent organic frameworks for highly efficient sequestration of organic iodides from simulated nuclear waste

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