Positioning in cellular networks: Past, present, future

Razavi, Sara Modarres; Gunnarsson, Fredrik; Rydén, Henrik; Busin, Åke; Lin, Xingqin; Zhang, Xin; Dwivedi, Satyam; Siomina, Iana; Shreevastav, Ritesh

doi:10.1109/wcnc.2018.8377447

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Cell-ID accuracy depends on the inter-site distance of the network deployment; and the positioning accuracy is in the range of hundreds of meters. 44 Obviously, the Cell-ID-based positioning results cannot be used to collect Wi-Fi fingerprint because of the low accuracy.…”

Section: Auto-calibration For Wi-fi Fingerprint In Indoor Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of positioning and activity context information for lifelog in urban city area

Kamiya

et al. 2019

NAVIGATION

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Smartphone‐based Lifelog (automatically annotating the users' daily experience from multisensory streams on smartphones) is in great need. Accurate positioning under any situation is one of the most significant techniques for a desirable Lifelog. This paper proposes to detect location‐related activities and use the activity information to improve positioning accuracy. In the proposed system, a human activity recognition module is developed to extract location‐related activities from multisensory streams of smartphones. After that, the proposed system integrates activity information with PDR‐based positioning results in a context‐based map‐matching framework. The developed system can be used for both outdoor and indoor scenarios. Moreover, the developed indoor positioning method is used to determine the positions of calibration points automatically in an auto‐calibration Wi‐Fi positioning system. The proposed methods achieve 3.1‐m accuracy in outdoor and average 2.2‐m accuracy in indoor situations.

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Section: Auto-calibration For Wi-fi Fingerprint In Indoor Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of positioning and activity context information for lifelog in urban city area

Kamiya

et al. 2019

NAVIGATION

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“…The radio front end is configured to maintain transmitter (TX) to receiver (RX) oscillator phase coherence by continuous operation of TX and RX phase lock loops (PLL) during the C two-way packet exchanges. TX and RX local oscillator frequency is set to f R = 868 MHz, resulting in identical carrier frequency as both PLLs are driven from the same external clock 2…”

Section: A Ad9361 Arradio Front End Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A first resampling stage acts as interface between the DAC/ADC and the digital up-/down-mixing blocks and adapts sampling frequency between the DAC/ADC and the FPGA processing. 2 VCTCXO 40 MHz (TXEAACSANF) with frequency accuracy of 2 ppm.…”

Section: B Fpga Design -Digital Up-/down-mixing Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Precise localization in wireless sensor networks (WSN) has become an interesting research area in recent years. Adding position information to the wireless transmitted data will enable new applications [1] and hence it is included in current standardization studies [2]. Positioning based on the communication radio signals should neither increase energy consumption nor hardware complexity of the node, which are critical to low power wide area network (LPWAN) use cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coherent Multi-Channel Ranging for Narrowband LPWAN: Simulation and Experimentation Results

Wolf

Doré

Popon

et al. 2018

2018 15th Workshop on Positioning, Navigation and Communications (WPNC)

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Precise radio based positioning for low power wide area networks remains a challenging research area due to narrowband signals and multipath propagation. Multi-channel ranging provides improved temporal resolution by coherent processing. While this technique has been applied to short range radio standards, no experimental demonstration for long range radio devices exists. The present paper introduces a hardware testbed for phase coherent multi-channel processing of narrowband signals. Simulations and preliminary experimental multi-channel results show a higher ranging precision (factor 20) over time based ranging. In a frequency flat channel with a 10 kHz signal, precisions down to 10 m (phase based) and 200 m (time based) have been achieved. Precision degrades in multipath propagation scenarios.

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“…The emergency call positioning requirements by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States have been refined several times, initially with requirements on network-based positioning, and subsequently with tighter requirements on mobile-assisted positioning (FCC, 2015;Hatfield, 2002;Razavi et al, 2018). In February 2015, FCC has refined the requirements to give particular attention to requirements for positioning of indoor devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time of Flight Estimation for Radio Network Positioning

Radnosrati

2020

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations

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Trilateration is the mathematical theory of computing the intersection of circles. These circles may be obtained by time of flight (ToF) measurements in radio systems, as well as laser, radar and sonar systems. A first purpose of this thesis is to survey recent efforts in the area and their potential for localization. The rest of the thesis then concerns selected problems in new cellular radio standards as well as fundamental challenges caused by propagation delays in the ToF measurements, which cannot travel faster than the speed of light. We denote the measurement uncertainty stemming from propagation delays for positive noise, and develop a general theory with optimal estimators for selected distributions, which can be applied to trilateration but also a much wider class of estimation problems. The first contribution concerns a narrow-band mode in the long-term evolution (LTE) standard intended for internet of things (IoT) devices. This LTE standard includes a special position reference signal sent synchronized by all base stations (BS) to all IoT devices. Each device can then compute several pair-wise time differences that correspond to hyperbolic functions. The simulation-based performance evaluation indicates that decent position accuracy can be achieved despite the narrow bandwidth of the channel. The second contribution is a study of how timing measurements in LTE can be combined. Round trip time (RTT) to the serving BS and time difference of arrival (TDOA) to the neighboring BS are used as measurements. We propose a filtering framework to deal with the existing uncertainty in the solution and evaluate with both simulated and experimental test data. The results indicate that the position accuracy is better than 40 meters 95% of the time. The third contribution is a comprehensive theory of how to estimate the signal observed in positive noise, that is, random variables with positive support. It is well known from the literature that order statistics give one order of magnitude lower estimation variance compared to the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE). We provide a systematic survey of some common distributions with positive support, and provide derivations and summaries of estimators based on order statistics, including the BLUE one for comparison. An iterative global navigation satellite system (GNSS) localization algorithm, based on the derived estimators, is introduced to jointly estimate the receiver's position and clock bias. The fourth contribution is an extension of the third contribution to a particular approach to utilize positive noise in nonlinear models. That is, order statistics have been employed to derive estimators for a generic nonlinear model with positive noise. The proposed method further enables the estimation of the hyperparameters of the underlying noise distribution. The performance of the proposed estimator is then compared with the maximum likelihood estimator when the underlying noise follows either a uniform or exponential distribution. v The quest for pursuing a doctoral d...

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Positioning in cellular networks: Past, present, future

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

Integration of positioning and activity context information for lifelog in urban city area

Integration of positioning and activity context information for lifelog in urban city area

Coherent Multi-Channel Ranging for Narrowband LPWAN: Simulation and Experimentation Results

Time of Flight Estimation for Radio Network Positioning

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