Possible assistive technology solutions for people with moderate to severe/profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: considerations on their function and long-term role

Lancioni, Giulio E.; Singh, Nirbhay N.; O’Reilly, Mark F.; Sigafoos, Jeff

doi:10.1080/20473869.2024.2303532

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…The system can also be set to present the two instructions of each step simultaneously for participants who are able to handle more complex instruction inputs. Technically, the system could also be set up to present the step instructions in small chunks with people who have a relatively high level of functioning or have become very familiar with the tasks on hand and no longer need an analytic step by step instruction process [42][43][44][45].…”

Section: Principal Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling People With Intellectual and Sensory Disabilities to Trigger a Tablet’s Delivery of Task Instructions by Walking to the Tablet: Proof-of-Concept Study

Lancioni,

Singh,

O’Reilly

et al. 2024

JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol

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Background People with intellectual and sensory or sensory-motor disabilities tend to have problems performing multistep tasks. To alleviate their problems, technological solutions have been developed that provide task-step instructions. Instructions are generally delivered at people’s request (eg, as they touch an area of a computer or tablet screen) or automatically, at preset intervals. Objective This study carried out a preliminary assessment of a new tablet-based technology system that presented task-step instructions when participants with intellectual and sensory disabilities walked close to the tablet (ie, did not require participants to perform fine motor responses on the tablet screen). Methods The system entailed a tablet and a wireless camera and was programmed to present instructions when participants approached the tablet, that is, when the camera positioned in front of the tablet detected them. Two instructions were available for each task step. One instruction concerned the object(s) that the participants were to collect, and the other instruction concerned the “where” and “how” the object(s) collected would need to be used. For 3 of the six participants, the two instructions were presented in succession, with the second instruction presented once the required object(s) had been collected. For the other 3 participants, the two instructions were presented simultaneously. Instructions consisted of pictorial representations combined with brief verbal phrases. The impact of the system was assessed for each of the 2 groups of participants using a nonconcurrent multiple baseline design across individuals. Results All participants were successful in using the system. Their mean frequency of correct task steps was close to or above 11.5 for tasks including 12 steps. Their level of correct performance tended to be much lower during the baseline phase when they were to receive the task-step instructions from a regular tablet through scrolling responses. Conclusions The findings, which need to be interpreted with caution given the preliminary nature of the study, suggest that the new tablet-based technology system might be useful for helping people with intellectual and sensory disabilities perform multistep tasks.

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Section: Principal Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling People With Intellectual and Sensory Disabilities to Trigger a Tablet’s Delivery of Task Instructions by Walking to the Tablet: Proof-of-Concept Study

Lancioni,

Singh,

O’Reilly

et al. 2024

JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Enabling People With Intellectual and Sensory Disabilities to Trigger a Tablet’s Delivery of Task Instructions by Walking to the Tablet: Proof-of-Concept Study (Preprint)

Lancioni,

Singh,

O’Reilly

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND People with intellectual and other disabilities tend to have problems performing multistep tasks. To alleviate their problems, technology solutions have been developed that provide task-step instructions. Instructions are generally delivered on people’s request (e.g., as they touch an area of a computer or tablet screen) or automatically, at preset intervals. OBJECTIVE The present study carried out a preliminary assessment of a new tablet-based technology system that presented the task instructions when people walked close to the tablet rather than when they performed fine motor responses (e.g., scrolling) on the tablet screen. METHODS The system consisted of a tablet and a wireless camera and was programmed to present the first or next instruction of a task sequence as soon as the participants approached the tablet, that is, as the participants were spotted by the camera that was positioned before the tablet. Six participants were involved in the study. For three of them, two instructions were used for each task step. For the other three participants, a single instruction was used for each task step. Instructions consisted of pictorial representations combined with brief verbal description of the corresponding action (task step). The impact of the system was assessed for each of the two groups of participants using a non-concurrent multiple baseline design across individuals. RESULTS All participants were successful in using the system. Their mean frequency of correct task steps were close to or above 11.5 for tasks including 12 steps. Their level of correct performance tended to be much lower during the baseline phase when they were to get the task instructions from a regular tablet through scrolling responses. CONCLUSIONS The findings, which need to be interpreted with caution given the preliminary nature of the study, suggest that the new tablet-based technology system might be a useful tool for supporting the performance of multistep tasks.

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Bridging the Digital Disability Divide: Determinants of Internet Use among Visually Impaired Individuals in Thailand

Phochai,

Setthasuravich,

Pukdeewut

et al. 2024

Disabilities

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This study investigates the sociodemographic and contextual determinants influencing Internet usage among individuals with visual impairments in Thailand, contributing to the literature on the digital disability divide. Data from the “Disability Survey 2022” conducted by the National Statistical Office of Thailand were used. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression analysis were performed on data from 5621 visually impaired respondents. The findings indicate that approximately 26.88% of individuals with visual impairments use the Internet. The logistic regression analysis highlights several critical disparities. Males exhibit lower odds of Internet use compared with females (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.850, p = 0.034). Younger individuals are more likely to use the Internet; a decline in use was observed with increasing age (AOR for 60+ years = 0.052, p < 0.001). Regional disparities are evident. Individuals from the northeastern (AOR = 2.044, p < 0.001), central (AOR = 1.356, p < 0.008), and southern (AOR = 1.992, p < 0.001) regions showed higher odds of Internet use compared with those from the northern region. Higher income (AOR for 5000–9999 THB = 1.798, p = 0.001), educational attainment (AOR for bachelor’s degree = 14.915, p < 0.001), and wealth index (AOR for wealthy = 5.034, p < 0.001) increase the likelihood of Internet use. Employed individuals are more likely to use the Internet (AOR = 3.159, p < 0.001) compared with unemployed individuals. Additionally, the severity of the visual impairment is crucial, with those having low vision in both eyes more likely to engage online than those who are completely blind in both eyes (AOR = 5.935, p < 0.001). These findings highlight the need for comprehensive digital inclusion initiatives that address various factors, including age-inclusive digital literacy programs, targeted regional infrastructure development, economic support to improve digital access, and advancements in assistive technologies. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers in Thailand and other developing countries, enhancing the understanding of the digital disability divide and informing strategies to foster greater digital equity.

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Possible assistive technology solutions for people with moderate to severe/profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: considerations on their function and long-term role

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Enabling People With Intellectual and Sensory Disabilities to Trigger a Tablet’s Delivery of Task Instructions by Walking to the Tablet: Proof-of-Concept Study

Enabling People With Intellectual and Sensory Disabilities to Trigger a Tablet’s Delivery of Task Instructions by Walking to the Tablet: Proof-of-Concept Study

Enabling People With Intellectual and Sensory Disabilities to Trigger a Tablet’s Delivery of Task Instructions by Walking to the Tablet: Proof-of-Concept Study (Preprint)

Bridging the Digital Disability Divide: Determinants of Internet Use among Visually Impaired Individuals in Thailand

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