Post-occurrence Review

Abstract

This chapter examines the role and importance of post-occurrence reviews within mental health contexts, —variously called ‘debriefing’, ‘post-incident review’ and ‘seclusion/restraint review’. The focus is on the relevance of the post occurrence review process following incidents of patient violence and coercive measures such as seclusion and restraint, but we also explore wider applications. We highlight the growing awareness of patient rights, ethical considerations and efforts to reduce coercion in psychiatric care. The chapter emphasises the need for structured reflective practices to address the psychological and emotional impacts of such interventions on patients and staff. It reviews regulatory directives and standards that mandate post occurrence reviews, explores policies advocating for transparency and continuous improvement, and proposes a multiaxial approach to meet the diverse needs of all involved parties, namely the service user, staff, witnesses and the unit multidisciplinary team. This approach includes immediate support, reflective analysis and development of preventive strategies, urging a shift towards open dialogue and psychological safety in healthcare teams. The chapter provides practical guidance for mental health professionals on implementing or enhancing post-occurrence review processes, ultimately aiming to improve patient care and reduce the use of coercion.