Post-Process-Functionalized Catalytic Electrospun and 2D-Printed Structures for Wolf–Lamb-Type Catalysis

Abstract

A process for preparing active, strong base and acid selfstanding individual membranes and printed structures is established by electrospinning and two-dimensional (2D) printing of the corresponding polymeric base and polymeric acid on a neutral plastic substrate. The active polymeric acid and strong base used in this work were (poly(styrene-co-styrene sulfonic acid-co-methacryloyl benzophenone)) and poly(styrene-co-4-vinylbenzylamine-co-N-(4-benzoylphenyl)acrylamide), respectively. The active acid−base printed structures and membranes were compared for their activity in a standard two-step acidcatalyzed deacetalization reaction of dimethoxybenzyl acetal to benzaldehyde followed by a base-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation with ethyl cyanoacetate toward ethyl-2-cyano-3-phenyl acrylate reaction in one pot in different solvents. Both 2D-printed acid−base structures and electrospun membranes could be arranged in one pot to complete the two-step reaction without destroying each other's activity. High conversions, fast reaction, and reusability make 2D-printed structures favorable in toluene over electrospun membranes. The kinetic parameters were also calculated to address the solvent's influence and further strengthen the systems' understanding and comparison.

Trendbericht Makromolekulare Chemie 2022

“…Die Gruppe um Agarwal erreichte für die gleiche Kaskadenreaktion hohe Reaktionsgeschwindigkeitskonstanten (k 1 = 0,94 und k 2 = 0,250 mol•L -1 •min −1 ), indem sie photovernetzbare Benzo phe non po ly me re mit Säureund Basenkatalysator (Styrolsulfonsäure beziehungsweise 4-Vinyl ben zyl amin) modifizierte und anschließend getrennt auf Nylonunterlagen als Fasern aufbrachte. 25) Das Aufbringen erfolgte entweder durch Elektrospinnen oder 2D-Druck, wobei letztgenannter bereits aktivierter Polymere ohne weitere Entschützung eine deutlich höhere Aktivität (fünf-bis zehnmal schneller) in der Kaskadenreaktion aufwies.…”

Bio-based electrospun polyamide membrane – sustainable multipurpose filter membranes for microplastic filtration

“…Electrospinning is the state-of-the-art method for the production of nonwovens composed of polymer nano-or microfibers. 1 These nonwovens find many different applications including catalysis, [2][3][4] energy storage [5][6][7] or filtration. [8][9][10] Cutting of nonwovens yield short microfibers which can be processed in dispersions.…”