Postpartum Reproductive Function: Association with Energy, Metabolic and Endocrine Status in High Yielding Dairy Cows

Reist, Martin; Erdin, D.; Euw, D. von; Tschümperlin, K.; Chilliard, Yves; Hammon, H.M.; Zbinden, Y.; Künzi, N.; Blum, Jürg W.

doi:10.1186/1751-0147-44-s1-p107

Cited by 24 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…A similar tendency towards an increase in cholesterol in the postpartum period was observed in red-and-white multiparous cows after application of extract from human placenta [22]. Previously, it was shown that the blood cholesterol concentration in high-yielding cows in the post-calving period is positively associated with the restoration of sexual circularity and a decrease in open days [27,28]. These data are consistent with the results obtained by us.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Metabolism and Reproductive Function During the Postpartum Period in First-Calf Cows When Introducing the Placenta Extract

Mityashova¹,

Гусев²,

Lebedeva³

2017

S-h. biol.

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A b s t r a c tMost reproductive disorders in dairy cows are associated with postpartum metabolic state. One approach to normalizing the reproductive function is to use biostimulators, which have a modulating effect on the immune, metabolic, and endocrine systems. The aim of the present research was to study the action of the cattle placenta extract on the metabolic adaptation and reproductive system functioning during the postpartum period in first-calf cows. We have conducted for the first time monitoring of indicators of metabolism and the steroidogenic ovarian activity in first-calf cows, treated with the placenta extract, during the transition period and two months after calving and also assessed the reproduction indices. The raw material for the preparation was placenta separated within 4-6 hours after calving. The extract was isolated from placenta according to the procedure, described earlier (M.V. Varenikov et al., 2010), with the use of some modifications. Effects of the extract were evaluated in first-calf cows of the Black Pied breed (Bos taurus taurus) on the basis of ZAO PZ «Ba-rybino» (Domodedovo Region, Moscow Province) in 2015-2016. Seven to fourteen days prior to calving and on the day of calving, cows of the group I (control, n = 8) received the saline, and cows of the group II (experiment, n = 11) received 20 ml of the placenta extract. Before the treatment and on days 3 to 5, 20 to 25 and 50 to 60 after calving, the animal blood was taken for biochemical analysis and enzyme immunoassay. In serum samples, the concentration of total protein and its fractions, urea, bilirubin, cholesterol, calcium, and phosphorus, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST, EC 2.6.1.1) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT, EC 2.6.1.2), and the content of progesterone and estradiol-17β were measured. Twelve months after calving, based on the analysis of zootechnical and pedigree records, the reproduction indices (the pregnancy rate, calving to conception interval, and service per conception rate) and the 305-day milk yield were determined. A rise (p < 0,001) in the blood content of total protein (by 24.9 %) and its globulin fraction (by 51.8 %) was observed on days 20 to 25 after calving only in animals of the group II. The cholesterol concentration in the blood of these cows remained unchanged, whereas it was reduced by 33 % (p < 0.05) in control cows from days 3-5 to days 20-25 after calving. During the studied period, an increase in the serum activity of ALT was more pronounced in cows of the group II, while a raise in the activity of AST was considerable only in control animals. On days 20-25, the progesterone concentration in the blood of experimental cows was 57.7 % lower than in the control group (p < 0.05). However, 50-60 days after calving, the level of blood progesterone in experimental animals rose sharply and was four times higher than in control ones (p < 0.01). The treatment of cows also resulted in a reduction in the calving to conception interval from 123.5±10.5 to 95.1±5.8 days (p < 0.05). Thu...

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Metabolism and Reproductive Function During the Postpartum Period in First-Calf Cows When Introducing the Placenta Extract

Mityashova¹,

Гусев²,

Lebedeva³

2017

S-h. biol.

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“…A status of NEB decreases LH pulse frequency, growth rate and diameter of the dominant follicle, weight of the corpus luteum (CL), peri-estrous hormone concentrations like estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) [11,24,25,[36][37][38][39]. In addition, NEB has been related to more days till the first observed estrus postpartum (pp) [12,16,40], more days till first ovulation [8,11,22,32], more days open pp [41], decreased conception rates following artificial insemination [14,21,25,41] and lower pregnancy rates [15].…”

Section: Negative Energy Balance and Related Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary energy source on energy balance, production, metabolic disorders and reproduction in lactating dairy cattle

et al. 2005

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-The pathway for oxidation of energy involves a balanced oxidation of C2 and C3 compounds. During early lactation in dairy cattle this C2/C3 ratio is out of balance, due to a high availability of lipogenic (C2) products and a low availability of glycogenic (C3) products relative of the C2 and C3 products required for milk production. This review compares studies which manipulated dietary energy source and shows that dietary energy source can affect the balance of the C2/C3 ratio, as indicated by plasma NEFA, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and glucose levels. It is shown that glycogenic nutrients increase glucose and insulin concentrations and decrease NEFA and BHBA plasma levels. Extra lipogenic nutrients elevate NEFA and BHBA and decrease plasma glucose concentrations. Lipogenic nutrients generally increase milk fat percentage and decrease milk protein percentage, suggesting a surplus of C2 compounds. The inverse is the case for feeding extra glycogenic nutrients, implying reduced deamination and oxidation of glycogenic amino acids. Feeding extra glycogenic nutrients improved the energy balance (EB), in contrast to ambiguous results of lipogenic nutrients on EB. Moreover, glycogenic feed may reduce the severity of ketosis and fatty liver, but increased the incidence of (sub)clinical acidosis. Since studies are scarce, it seems difficult to draw conclusions on the effects of dietary energy source on reproduction. However, lipogenic nutrients decrease glucose and increase NEFA and BHBA plasma levels. High plasma NEFA and BHBA and low plasma glucose levels are associated with decreased reproductive performance, which might imply the C2/C3 compound balance to be important for reproductive function.lipogenic nutrients / glycogenic nutrients / reproduction / energy metabolism

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“…Zootec., 44(5): [187][188][189][190][191][192]2015 reserves are at higher risk for metabolic disorders (Bobe et al, 2004), have poorer reproductive performance (Santos et al, 2009), and produce smaller yields of milk (Reist et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of daily body weight of dairy cows in early lactation and associations withproductive and reproductive performance

et al. 2015

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-The objective of this study was to describe daily body weight (BW) changes in the first 100 days of lactation in confined dairy cows and to associate BW loss with productive and reproductive performance. Data included 26,344 daily BW measurements of 372 Holsteins calving between June 2011 and June 2012 in a commercial herd in the South of Brazil. Cows were automatically weighed and were assigned according to parity. Individual measurements were smoothed using cubic splines, generating nadir BW, days to nadir BW and the BW loss (absolute and relative values). This approach used days in milk (DIM) as a single smoothing variable. Body weight at calving differed across parities: 570.5, 653.5, and 699.9 kg, for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd and subsequent parities, respectively. Body weight at nadir also differed across parities: 521.5, 608.8, and 647.3 kg, respectively. Mean days from calving BW to nadir BW and mean loss of BW (kg) from calving to nadir BW did not differ across parities, but relative BW change (kg/100 kg) was larger in animals in first parity (-8.4 kg/100 kg) than second parity (-6.6 kg/100 kg). However, cows in first parity had more chances for good reproduction than cows in third and subsequent parities (44.0% vs. 30.7%, respectively). There was no difference in the probability of adequate reproduction (pregnant until 180 DIM) among cows with low, medium, or high milk yield. Furthermore, cows with low and medium BW loss (below 60 kg of BW change) showed more likelihood to adequate reproduction than cows with high BW loss (above 60 kg of BW): 45.5 and 45.8% vs. 24.4%, respectively. Improvements in fertility of dairy cows should be achieved by minimizing body weight loss in early lactation.

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Postpartum Reproductive Function: Association with Energy, Metabolic and Endocrine Status in High Yielding Dairy Cows

Cited by 24 publications

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Metabolism and Reproductive Function During the Postpartum Period in First-Calf Cows When Introducing the Placenta Extract

Metabolism and Reproductive Function During the Postpartum Period in First-Calf Cows When Introducing the Placenta Extract

Effect of dietary energy source on energy balance, production, metabolic disorders and reproduction in lactating dairy cattle

Analysis of daily body weight of dairy cows in early lactation and associations withproductive and reproductive performance

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