Postprandial response to a physiologic caloric load in HIV-positive patients receiving protease inhibitor–based or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor–based antiretroviral therapy

Thomas-Geevarghese, Asha; Raghavan, Subhashree; Minolfo, Robert; Holleran, Steve; Ramakrishnan, Rajasekhar; Ormsby, Bernard; Karmally, Wahida; Ginsberg, Henry N.; El‐Sadr, Wafaa; Albu, Jeanine; Berglund, Lars

doi:10.1093/ajcn/82.1.146

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…Eligibility for enrollment in the study was based on the presence of documented HIV infection, ongoing stable antiretroviral regimen for >6 months, and the absence of hyperlipidemia. The detailed inclusion and exclusion criteria have been previously described [15]. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards at Columbia University, Harlem Hospital Center, St Luke's-Roosevelt Medical Center, VA Northern California Health Care System, and University of California, Davis, and informed consent was obtained from all participants.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased lipoprotein remnant cholesterol levels in HIV-positive patients during antiretroviral therapy

Anuurad¹,

Thomas-Geevarghese²,

Devaraj³

et al. 2008

Atherosclerosis

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Increased levels of postprandial triglycerides (TG) and remnant like particles (RLP) are associated with cardiovascular disease. We evaluated whether postprandial lipemia differed in HIV-positive patients with or without different antiretroviral regimens. A standardized high fat load was administered to 28 subjects: 11 HIV-positive subjects receiving protease inhibitors (PI), 10 HIV-positive subjects receiving non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) and 7 HIV-positive subjects not receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy, HAART (Naïve). Baseline TG levels and TG area under the curve (AUC) did not differ among the three groups. The postprandial TG concentration curves were similar in the NNRTI and Naïve groups, peaking at 3-5-h. Baseline RLP cholesterol was higher in the NNRTI group compared to other two groups (P=0.035). Both HAART groups (NNRTI and PI) had higher postprandial RLP cholesterol AUC than the Naïve group (P=0.024, ANOVA). In conclusion, during HIV conditions, HAART resulted in a pro-atherogenic pattern with accumulation of remnant lipoproteins.

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Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased lipoprotein remnant cholesterol levels in HIV-positive patients during antiretroviral therapy

Anuurad¹,

Thomas-Geevarghese²,

Devaraj³

et al. 2008

Atherosclerosis

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Relationship of Postprandial Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Adipokines, and Insulin Across Gender in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Patients Undergoing Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Thomas-Geevarghese

Anuurad

et al. 2009

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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Background: Metabolic derangements are common in human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV)-positive subjects undergoing antiretroviral therapy, but little is known about postprandial conditions. Methods: We investigated the relationship between leptin, adiponectin, nonesterifi ed fatty acids (NEFA), and insulin in response to a day-long meal pattern and evaluated gender differences in HIV-positive men (n = 12) and women (n = 13) undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Results: For both men and women, a signifi cant decrease in postprandial NEFA levels was observed following breakfast (0.53 vs. 0.22 mmol/L, P < 0.001, baseline and at 3 hours, respectively), whereas day-long postprandial leptin and adiponectin levels showed small nonsignifi cant oscillations. In contrast to NEFA and adiponectin, postprandial leptin levels were signifi cantly higher among women compared to men (P < 0.05). Postprandial NEFA levels correlated positively with fasting insulin levels (r 2 = 0.25, P = 0.016), and the postbreakfast decrease in NEFA levels correlated signifi cantly with the postbreakfast increase in insulin levels (r 2 = 0.17, P = 0.038). No signifi cant association between postprandial adipokines and insulin was observed. Conclusions: In HAART-treated, HIV-infected men and women, levels of NEFA, but not adipokines, showed signifi cant postprandial variation. Furthermore, food intake resulted in signifi cant NEFA suppression in proportion to the food-stimulated insulin increase.

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Postprandial lipid effects of low-dose ritonavir vs. raltegravir in HIV-uninfected adults

Samaras

Richardson

Carr

2010

Aids

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In HIV-uninfected adults, postprandial LDL cholesterol excursions with low-dose ritonavir were significantly greater than those with raltegravir. This postprandial effect of ritonavir increased by about 50% the previously observed adverse effect of ritonavir on fasting LDL cholesterol, and so may explain some of the hitherto unexplained association of protease inhibitor-based therapy with cardiovascular disease.

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Postprandial response to a physiologic caloric load in HIV-positive patients receiving protease inhibitor–based or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor–based antiretroviral therapy

Abstract: Despite baseline differences, incremental triacylglycerol and insulin responses to a physiologic caloric load among HIV-positive patients were not significantly affected by differences in the type of antiretroviral therapy.

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Increased lipoprotein remnant cholesterol levels in HIV-positive patients during antiretroviral therapy

Increased lipoprotein remnant cholesterol levels in HIV-positive patients during antiretroviral therapy

Relationship of Postprandial Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Adipokines, and Insulin Across Gender in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Patients Undergoing Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Postprandial lipid effects of low-dose ritonavir vs. raltegravir in HIV-uninfected adults

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