Potency of betacyanin from beetroot (Beta vulgaris) peel waste as chicken meat freshness indicator in sago starch-based biodegradable smart packaging

Abstract

High usage of synthetic plastic will harm the environment due to its difficulties in degrading and harming the environment. Environmentally friendly plastic packaging that can be used is active and intelligent packaging made from starch as one of the innovations in food packaging. The starch extracted from the sago (Metroxylon sagu) fruit can form a thin layer for biodegradable plastic packaging. Addition material such as natural pigment will enhance the biodegradable packaging ability to be active and intelligent. As a natural pigment, betacyanin can be collected from beetroot peel waste, which is rarely utilized. This review aimed to explore the potency of sago starch with betacyanin pigment addition from beetroot peel waste as an active and intelligent packaging plastic material. Sago starch mixed with a plasticizer can form a flexible thin layer (film) and be used as a packaging material. The addition of betacyanin to beetroot peel on sago starch biofilm plays an important role as a sensor through colour change due to its sensitivity to pH changes in spoiled chicken meat products. Sago starch and beetroot peel have excellent potential to be applied as smart packaging innovations.