Potential Analysis and Preparation of Chitosan Oligosaccharides as Oral Nutritional Supplements of Cancer Adjuvant Therapy

Abstract

Cancer is considered to have an adverse influence on health around the world. Chitosan, a linear polysaccharide that contains copolymers of β -1-4 linked d-glucosamine and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine units, has been widely used in the field of biomedicine, owing to its nontoxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and hemocompatibility. This study was aimed at preparing the chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) and examining its ability on suppressing lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. Human non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells model and C57BL/6 mice bearing lung cancer model were adopted. COS showed inhibition on the viability and proliferation of lung carcinoma cells (A549) in time-dependent manners, but no cytotoxicity to human liver cell (HL-7702). Moreover, COS could significantly increase Bax expression of A549 cells while decreasing Bcl-2 expression. COS supplementation significantly inhibited the growth of Lewis tissues and promoted necrosis of tumor cells in vivo. After treatment with COS, significantly elevated concentrations of Bax and reduced expression of Bcl-2 in tumor tissues, as well as elevated levels of TNF- α , IL-2, Fas and Fas-L in mice serum were observed (p < 0.05). In conclusion, COS had certain anti-tumor effects and potential application as a synergic functional food ingredient to prevent cancer.

Comparative Study of Chitosan and Oligochitosan Coatings on Mucoadhesion of Curcumin Nanosuspensions

“…FT-IR analysis of the complex of CS and mucin showed a shifted C=O absorption peak at 1640 cm −1 (-CONH-), indicating interactions between CS and mucin. On the other hand, OCS showed very weak peaks at 1625 cm −1 , 1592 cm −1 and 1524 cm −1 assigned to the amide I, amide II, and amide III, respectively [38]. But, the complex of OCS and mucin showed a peak at 1636 cm −1 assigned to the -CONH-stretching bands which also support the interactions between OCS and mucin.…”

Extraction and Physicochemical Characterization of Chitin Derived from the Asian Hornet, Vespa velutina Lepeletier 1836 (Hym.: Vespidae)

“…The great variety of applications of chitosan in the field of biomaterials is due to its excellent properties when interacting with the human body: bioactivity [11], antimicrobial and antifungal activity [12,13], immunostimulation [14], chemotactic action, enzymatic biodegradability, mucoadhesion, and epithelial permeability [15], which supports the adhesion and proliferation of different cell types [16]. With the above properties, CHI derivatives serve a broad range of applications and these materials have advanced at a dramatic pace into many fields, including skin, wound, and burn management [17]; drug delivery and pharmaceutical applications [18]; tissue engineering [19]; dentistry [20]; plant science and agriculture [21]; veterinary science [22]; cosmetics and cosmeceutical [23]; food and nutraceuticals [24]; and, paper industry [25], among others.…”

Fabrication and Characterization of Poly (vinyl alcohol) and Chitosan Oligosaccharide-Based Blend Films

“…Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is a low molecular weight product of chitosan, obtained by its enzymatic or chemical degradation [47]. Due to its excellent water solubility properties [48,49] and high biological activity, COS is easy to handle as compared to chitosan [50]. COS is widely used in the biomedical, food, and pharmaceutical industries [51].…”