Potential consequences of ion beam analysis on objects from our cultural heritage: An appraisal

On the stability of mediaeval inorganic pigments: a literature review of the effect of climate, material selection, biological activity, analysis and conservation treatments

“…Chalk is lightfast [45], and gypsum does not show discolouration upon Nd:YAG laser irradiation [18]. Ion beam analysis proved to be potentially harmful to chalk, as discolouration was observed [61]. Ochres are natural products related to rock weathering, whose predominant phases are phyllosilicates (clays).…”

PIXE Analysis of Persian Miniature Used in 16th Century Poetry Manuscript

“…winiture pintings nd illumintions were used to e dded to the gret poetry ooks in nient srn to mke them more plesntD enjoyle nd esier to understndF sn ftD miniture developed into mrrige of rtisti nd poeti lnguges nd otined deep nd sinere E ordne with poetryF o revel the tehnil fetures of this rt nd lso to onserve nd restore suh rteftsD preise nlysis of pplied mterils in the pintings nd illumintions is neessry IF ine sfe tehniques re nonEdestrutiveD fstD sensitive nd multiEelementlD they re wellEsuited for nlysis of ojets nd monuments of ulturoEhistoril vlue PD QF he pplition of ion em nlysis for hrteriztion of ulturoEhistoril rtefts ws initilized fter development of the si tehnique in the erly seventiesF hedited ion em nlysis filities nd emlines were lter setup in di'erE ent lortories suh s the evqei elertor in vouE vre museum RD the S w tndetron elertor lorE tory in wdrid S nd the Q w tndem elertor in pirenze T for nlysis of ulturl heritge itemsF o stE isfy the sme requirements in srnD dedited emline in n de qr' l in ehrn is reently developed for ion em nlysis of ulturoEhistoril smples UF ersi region historilly ws onquered gin nd gin y di'erent ulturesF ell of those ultures left their mrk on ersin pintingF yne of them ws the yzksD desendnts of hi© nD grndson of ghngizD onsidered uhor© s© n nd rnsoxin in ITth enturyF he fokhr * corresponding author; e-mail: okakuee@yahoo.com style of pinting is formed s onsequene of this ouE ption VF he miniture pintings of the toseph nd ulikh poetry mnusript " now preserved in the snstitute for srnin gontemporry ristoril tudies @ssgrA with registrtion numer of IPSW " re sujet of this studyF eording to the renowned ontemporry iliogrE pherD xF wyel rerviD the investigted msterpiee eE longs to the fokhr shool WF he fokhr style is mrked y n underlying gryish tone visile in the luesD greensD nd pinks VF ith this in mindD y pplying externl si nlysis we tried to identify elementl omposition of the pigments used for lueD greenD nd pink olors of this msterpiee to onlude the most ommonly pplied pigments employed in the ove styleF 2. Materials and methods he sujet of this study is STEpge msterpiee reE ted in ITth enturyD whih inludes S fullEpge miniture pintings in 200×300 mm 2 in the fokhr hoolF sn this shoolD numer of wellEknown deorted mnusripts re reted suh s wehrEo woshtri whih is preserved in the preer qllery of ertD shingtonD hFgF st is perhps the erliest dted exmple of the rert style produed in fokhr in ISPQF emong other mnusripts illuminted in the fokhr shoolD one ould nme the rft mnzr @even elvederesA y the poet rte( @preer qllery of ertD shingtonD hFgFAD opied in fokhr in ISQU nd the mgni(ent fustn opied out ISRH!RS @rrvrd niversity ert wuseumsD gmridgeA VF he externl si nlysis ws rried out using the filities of n de qr' v in ehrnF o nlyze the @IPRRA IPRS detils of interest in the smpleD PPHH ke of proton em of out I mm dimeter ws irrdited to PP points of the rtworkF o elerte the proess of nlyzing the points of interestD n x!y stge whih is linked to our proE grmmle dt quisition systemD preisely moves the smple support nd exposes the points of interest to the nlyzing proeF he Ery spetr were olleted y i@viA Ery detetor pled t sttering ngle of 135 • nd PH mm from the em!trget intersetionF sn this setup the em hrge is indiretly mesured through the er K α Ery yield originted from rdition of inEir rgon y protons in the em pthF wore experimenE tl detils re explined in our previous work IF he elementl omposition of di'erent pigments used in the miniture pintings s well s tht of the pplied ink nd pper in the msterpiee re reportedF 3. Results and discussion sn this workD S pges of the msterpiee were studiedF he (rst pge is illuminted strting pge nmed smple wI @pigF IAF he next four pges re full pge miniE tures nmed wP to wS nd illustrted in pigF P to pigF SD respetivelyF e totl numer of PP spetr were olleted from illumintionD minituresD ink nd pperF he relE tive elementl onentrtions of eh investigted point re outlined in le...…”

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

“…The review used data obtained from within the authors' own laboratories as well as those in the literature to form their conclusions. Thakur and Mulholland 204 provided a review of the analytical methodology available for the determination of 237 Np in environmental and nuclear samples. The review, which contained 227 references, discussed methods for the separation of 237 Np from the matrix components and from other radioisotopes.…”