POTENTIAL EFFECTS ON A COMBINATION OF <em>ZINGER OFFICINALE, ALLIUM SATIVUM, CITRUS LEMON</em>, HONEY, AND <em>MALUS DOMESTICA</em> VINEGAR (ZACA) EXTRACT IN RATS FED WITH HIGH CHOLESTEROL DIET

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is abnormal of lipid metabolism that presents in the bloodstream. The study aims is to investigate the effects on a combination mixture of Zinger officinale, Allium sativum, Citrus lemon, honey, and Malus domestica vinegar (ZACA) in rats fed with high cholesterol diet (HCD). 36 male Sprague dawley rats were divided into 6 groups. ZACA extracts (1mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg of bodyweight) were administered along with high cholesterol diet (HCD) for 18 weeks. Simvastatin 10 mg/kg of bodyweight was used as a control. In vitro; ZACA extracts had oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) of 2000 µmol TE/100 mL, total phenolic content (TPC) is 7537 ± 54.5%, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity is 27.34 ± 2.71% , Elastase inhibitory assay is (29.29 ± 1.65% and lipoxygenase inhibitory assay is 98.58 ± 1.42%. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detected the presence of Hesperidin in ZACA extract that acts as anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory agent. In vivo; ZACA extract decreased bodyweight, adipose tissue weight, and improved lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, and high density lipoprotein). The results demonstrate that ZACA extracts have a protective effect against hyperlipidemia and beneficial as dietary supplement.