Potential Implications of Long Noncoding RNAs in Autoimmune Diseases

Hur, Keun; Kim, Sang-Hyon; Kim, Jimin

doi:10.4110/in.2019.19.e4

Cited by 76 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…However, the majority of studies so far have focused on coding genes, particularly the function of cell-surface receptors, cytokines, and transcription factors. Recently, increasing evidence has revealed that lncRNAs can play fundamental roles in the regulation of the immune system 8,9 . For example, the lncRNA NeST has been found to be related with T-cell activation and to be critical for immune response regulation 10 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pan-cancer characterization of immune-related lncRNAs identifies potential oncogenic biomarkers

et al. 2020

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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators of gene expression and they play fundamental roles in immune regulation. Here we introduce an integrated algorithm, ImmLnc, for identifying lncRNA regulators of immune-related pathways. We comprehensively chart the landscape of lncRNA regulation in the immunome across 33 cancer types and show that cancers with similar tissue origin are likely to share lncRNA immune regulators. Moreover, the immune-related lncRNAs are likely to show expression perturbation in cancer and are significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration. ImmLnc can help prioritize cancer-related lncRNAs and further identify three molecular subtypes (proliferative, intermediate, and immunological) of non-small cell lung cancer. These subtypes are characterized by differences in mutation burden, immune cell infiltration, expression of immunomodulatory genes, response to chemotherapy, and prognosis. In summary, the ImmLnc pipeline and the resulting data serve as a valuable resource for understanding lncRNA function and to advance identification of immunotherapy targets.

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confidence: 99%

Pan-cancer characterization of immune-related lncRNAs identifies potential oncogenic biomarkers

et al. 2020

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“…With the development of high-throughput gene sequencing technology, numerous lncRNAs have been identified and demonstrated to exert biological functions through interactions with other cellular macromolecules (28). LncRNAs are expressed in various types of immune cells and participate in the differentiation and activation of these cells (29). RA is an autoimmune disorder, with CD4 + T cells differentiating into various Th-cell subsets that are thought to be deeply involved in the pathogenesis of RA (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential long non‑coding RNA expression profiles in the peripheral blood and CD4+ T cells of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis

Feng

et al. 2020

Exp Ther Med

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The human transcriptome is primarily composed of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are key regulatory molecules of multiple biological processes. In the present study, the expression profiles of lncRNAs in the peripheral blood and CD4 + T cells of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were determined. Based on the expression profiles, 493 lncRNAs and 374 mRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed in the peripheral blood of active RA patients and healthy donors. Further verification of lncRNAs was performed using reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR analysis of peripheral blood from 5 healthy donors and 5 patients with active RA and 14 additional differentially expressed genes were identified. CD4 + T cells in peripheral blood from 12 patients with active RA and 8 healthy donors were isolated using magnetic beads and qPCR was used to assess differentially expressed lncRNAs. The results suggested that 7 lncRNAs were upregulated and 2 were downregulated. The results indicated that these 9 lncRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA. An increased ratio of Th17: T-regulatory (Treg) cells was also observed. It may be hypothesized that LncRNAs serve important roles in the differentiation of CD4 + T cells. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggested that these 9 lncRNAs are of potential clinical diagnostic value for RA. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the correlation coefficient between Ensembl transcript (ENST)00000569543 and complement C4 was 0.623 (P<0.05), and that between ENST00000420096 and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody or disease activity evaluation score, the correlation coefficient was 0.662 and 0.605, respectively (P<0.05 for each). In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest a possible role of lncRNAs in the differentiation of CD4 + T cells and the pathogenesis of RA, as well as the potential value as diagnostic biomarkers for active RA.

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“…lncRNAs are involved in the regulation of gene expression, cell proliferation, differentiation, and immune response [62]. Recent studies have highlighted the essential role of lncRNAs in immune responses and suggested that lncRNAs are involved in the development of autoimmune diseases [63][64][65][66]. lncRNAs modulate different cytokines (e.g., IL-6 or TNF-α) in immune cells during the pathogenesis of RA [67].…”

Section: Long Noncoding Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Concepts and Challenges in Rheumatoid Arthritis Gene Therapy

et al. 2020

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory joint disease affecting about 1% of the population worldwide. Current treatment approaches do not ensure a cure for every patient. Moreover, classical regimens are based on nontargeted systemic immune suppression and have significant side effects. Biological treatment has advanced considerably but efficacy and specificity issues remain. Gene therapy is one of the potential future directions for RA therapy, which is rapidly developing. Several gene therapy trials done so far have been of moderate success, but experimental and genetics studies have yielded novel targets. As a result, the arsenal of gene therapy tools keeps growing. Currently, both viral and nonviral delivery systems are used for RA therapy. Herein, we review recent approaches for RA gene therapy.

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Potential Implications of Long Noncoding RNAs in Autoimmune Diseases

Cited by 76 publications

References 86 publications

Pan-cancer characterization of immune-related lncRNAs identifies potential oncogenic biomarkers

Pan-cancer characterization of immune-related lncRNAs identifies potential oncogenic biomarkers

Differential long non‑coding RNA expression profiles in the peripheral blood and CD4+ T cells of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis

Emerging Concepts and Challenges in Rheumatoid Arthritis Gene Therapy

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