Potential of Ethanol Extract of Mahkota Dewa Leaves (Phaleria Macrocarpa (Schecff.) Boerl.) to Inhibit Inflammation in Mouse Distal Colon Induced by Dextran Sodium Sulfate (Dss) and Azoxymethane (Aom)

Abstract

Objective: To demonstrates the ability of P. macrocarpa leaf extract to reduce inflammation of the distal colon in DSS/AOM-induced mice.
 Methods: In vivo experimental research using Balb/c mice induced by 0.2 ml azoxymethane (AOM) 0.1% once and 1% dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) for one week; additionally, ethanol extract of P. macrocarpa leaves, 25 mg and 50 mg, and 0.84 mg acetosal were given orally. The mice were sacrificed after 20 w. Histopathological examination (hematoxylin-eosin staining) was conducted by counting the average number of goblet cells per crypt, inflammatory focus and angiogenesis.
 Results: Ethanol extract of P. macrocarpa leaves was able to prevent the decrease in the number of goblet cells (p<0.05). However, the administration of ethanol P. macrocarpa leaf extract could not reduce focal inflammation and angiogenesis in inflammation of the distal colon.
 Conclusion: Ethanol extract of the Mahkota Dewa leaves is able to prevent inflammation of the distal colon by preventing the decrease in the number of goblet cells.