Potential of using plant extracts for purification of shallow well water in Malawi

Pritchard, Martin; Mkandawire, Theresa; Edmondson, A. S.; O'Neill, Jay; Kululanga, Grant

doi:10.1016/j.pce.2009.07.001

Cited by 113 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Results for protein, ash, dry matter and fibre revealed characteristics similar to those reported by other authors (Akinmutimi, 2006;Kalibbala 2007;Ndyomugyenyi, 2008;Pritchard et al, 2009;Rahman et al, 2009;Sodamade et al, 2013;Olagbemide and Alikwe, 2014). The study of coagulant activity on Moringa (Moringa oleifera), Java plum (Syzygium cumini) and Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) revealed promising level of turbidity removal from dirty water that is comparable to previous studies on Moringa and other plant seeds (Kalibbala 2007;Amagloh and Benang, 2009;Preston et al, 2010;Ali et al, 2010;Wilson and Andrews, 2011;Nand et al, 2012;Sanchez-Martin et al, 2012;Kabore et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Evaluating coagulant activity of locally available Syzygium cumini, Artocarpus heterophyllus and Moringa oleifera for treatment of community drinking water, Uganda

Natumanya¹,

Okot-Okumu²

2016

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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Most rural communities in Africa are without access to treated water and therefore use the readily available unsafe water sources exposing them to water borne diseases. This calls for the need for action to search for affordable and simple solutions. This research therefore examined the effectiveness of readily available natural coagulants Syzygium cumini (Javaplum), Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfruit) and Moringa oleifera (Moringa) using 'Jar Test'. Water turbidity and coliforms removal from community drinking water by seeds extracts of natural coagulants was examined. Turbidity removal increased with coagulants concentration in (solvents extracts water and NaCl). Optimal turbidity removal occurred at 40 mg/l coagulant concentration with low and medium turbidity raw water for both solvents extracts and at 60 mg/l for Na Cl extract with high turbidity water. Compared to alum [KAl (SO 4 ) 2 .12(H 2 O)], the turbidity removal effectiveness was: alum>Moringa oleifera>Artocarpus heterophyllus>Syzygium cumini, except for 1MNaCl extract where it was: alum>Artocarpus heterophyllus>Moringa oleifera >Syzygium cumini.Optimal turbidity removal was: Moringa oleifera 97.7%, Artocarpus heterophyllus 95.8% and Syzygium cumini 94.1%. The seed extracts were also effective as water disinfectants (Moringa>Jackfruit>Java plum). The use of Jackfruit and Java plum and Moringa, for water treatment is recommended.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Evaluating coagulant activity of locally available Syzygium cumini, Artocarpus heterophyllus and Moringa oleifera for treatment of community drinking water, Uganda

Natumanya¹,

Okot-Okumu²

2016

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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“…The use of coagulation-flocculation in water treatment in developing countries has been tested and proven to be effective; however, the availability of these chemicals and relatively high cost place this treatment method beyond the means of many people (World Health Organization 2002). The use of Moringa Oleifera has shown to be effective at reducing turbidity as well as improving microbial quality in water (Nkurunziza et al 2009;Pritchard et al 2009;Ferreira et al 2011); however, it is not available in all regions of concern and the process requires extraction of the lectin from the seed.…”

Section: Suspended Colloidal Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the solar water disinfection (SODIS) method by decreasing turbidity with NaCl

Dawney

Pearce

2012

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development

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Abstract.Solar water disinfection (SODIS) has proven to be effective at reducing diarrheal incidence in epidemiological intervention studies. However, the SODIS method is limited to waters of low turbidity (<30NTU). This study investigates the use of common table salt (NaCl) to reduce the turbidity of water containing suspended colloidal clay particles for use in the SODIS method. Three representative clays found in tropical soils (kaolinite, illite, and bentonite) were tested at three levels of turbidity (50, 100, and 200 NTU) for their flocculating behaviour with multiple NaCl concentrations to find the optimum. Supernatants were tested for sodium concentration for comparison against health and taste thresholds. Results show that unlike kaolinite and illite, pure bentonite solutions were shown to be very responsive to NaCl and produced supernatants with as low as 4 NTU (98% particle removal efficiency). This study has shown that NaCl, in combination with high-activity clay particles in solution, may effectively reduce turbidity to levels suitable for SODIS treatment, thereby expanding the number of people who can utilize the technology effectively.Keywords: clay, drinking water, flocculation, sanitation, SODIS, sodium, turbidity To be published: Brittney Dawney and Joshua M. Pearce, "Optimizing the solar water disinfection (SODIS) method by decreasing turbidity with NaCl",

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“…), sugar maize and red maize (Zea mays sp.) (Gunaratna et al 2007), Jatropha curcas (Pritchard et al 2009;Abidin et al 2013), Nirmali seeds (Strychnos potatorum) (Babu and Chaudhuri 2005), chestnut and acorn (Š ćiban et al 2009) and Cassia angustifolia (Sanghi et al 2002) has been reported. Although several natural materials are reported to be potent coagulant agents, the usage has not become widespread, probably due to limited knowledge and scientific reports on point-ofuse technology (Yin 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coagulant proteins identified in Mustard: a potential water treatment agent

Bodlund

Pavankumar

Chelliah

et al. 2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The use of natural coagulant protein in drinking water treatment has been discussed for a long time, though the method is still not in practice, probably due to limited knowledge and availability of material. In the present work, different Mustard varieties were tested for the presence of coagulant protein compared with Moringa seed extract and their potential application in water treatment. The coagulation activity of the protein extract was measured using synthetic clay solution as well as water from pond. The protein content was determined by Bradford method, molecular mass determined by Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and peptide sequence was analyzed by Mass spectrometry. Extract of Mustard (large) and Moringa seed showed coagulation activity of %70 and %85 % after 90 min, respectively. Interestingly, seed extracts from other Mustard varieties had coagulation activity after heat activation at 95°C for 5 h. However, the coagulation activity of Mustard seed extract against turbid pond water was higher (%60 %) compared to Moringa seed extract (%50 %). The peptide sequence analysis of 6.5 and 9 kDa proteins was found to be homologous to Moringa coagulant protein and napin3, respectively. To our knowledge, this could be the first report on Mustard seed having coagulant protein. The coagulation activity of Mustard (large) against highly turbid pond water suggested that it could be a potential natural coagulant for water treatment.

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Potential of using plant extracts for purification of shallow well water in Malawi

Cited by 113 publications

References 8 publications

Evaluating coagulant activity of locally available <i>Syzygium cumini</i>, <i>Artocarpus heterophyllus</i> and <i>Moringa oleifera</i> for treatment of community drinking water, Uganda

Evaluating coagulant activity of locally available <i>Syzygium cumini</i>, <i>Artocarpus heterophyllus</i> and <i>Moringa oleifera</i> for treatment of community drinking water, Uganda

Optimizing the solar water disinfection (SODIS) method by decreasing turbidity with NaCl

Coagulant proteins identified in Mustard: a potential water treatment agent

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