Potential role of TGFΒ and autophagy in early cerebellum development

Dalvand, Azadeh; Rosa, Simone C. da Silva; Ghavami, Saeid; Marzban, Hassan

doi:10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101358

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 88 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…There are three types of autophagy; macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy), microautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy all of which differ from one another in terms of their mechanism and function (128,129). Autophagy not only leads to the elimination of misfolded proteins and damaged organelles, it also modulates the recycling of components within the cell thereby ensuring the cellular quality control (130)(131)(132). The primary function of autophagy is survival under stress conditions, such as starvation (133).…”

Section: Role Of Cers and Ceramides In Regulation Of Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceramides and Ceramide Synthases in Cancer: Focus on Apoptosis and Autophagy

Alizadeh¹,

Rosa²,

Weng³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Different studies corroborate a role for ceramide synthases and their downstream products, ceramides, in modulation of apoptosis and autophagy in the context of cancer. These mechanisms of regulation, however, appear to be context dependent in terms of ceramides’ fatty acid chain length, subcellular localization, and the presence or absence of their downstream targets. Our current understanding of the role of ceramide synthases and ceramides in regulation of apoptosis and autophagy could be harnessed to pioneer the development of new treatments to activate or inhibit a single type of ceramide synthase, thereby regulating the apoptosis induction or cross talk of apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. Moreover, the apoptotic function of ceramide suggests that ceramide analogues can pave the way for the development of novel cancer treatments. Therefore, in the current review paper we discuss the impact of ceramide synthases and ceramides in regulation of apoptosis and autophagy in context of different types of cancers. We also briefly introduce the latest methods to analyze the lipids in biological samples. Finally, we discuss the drug development strategies focusing on the ceramide synthases and ceramides as future therapeutic approaches in cancer therapy.

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Section: Role Of Cers and Ceramides In Regulation Of Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceramides and Ceramide Synthases in Cancer: Focus on Apoptosis and Autophagy

Alizadeh¹,

Rosa²,

Weng³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Over 50 years ago, a new term entered the scientific vocabulary—“autophagy” (self-eating), a process in which intracellular and cytoplasmic constituents are delivered to the lysosomes and degraded [ 5 ]. Autophagy is a multi-faceted and complicated molecular and cellular process, extremely important for maintaining cellular homeostasis and preserving cells during nutritional, metabolic and pathological stress [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]; however, too much autophagy can be detrimental, and this process is therefore also deemed a type of programmed cell death [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

New Visions on Natural Products and Cancer Therapy: Autophagy and Related Regulatory Pathways

Martelli

Omrani

Zarghooni

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Macroautophagy (autophagy) has been a highly conserved process throughout evolution and allows cells to degrade aggregated/misfolded proteins, dysfunctional or superfluous organelles and damaged macromolecules, in order to recycle them for biosynthetic and/or energetic purposes to preserve cellular homeostasis and health. Changes in autophagy are indeed correlated with several pathological disorders such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, infections, cancer and inflammatory diseases. Conversely, autophagy controls both apoptosis and the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the cells. Therefore, any changes in the autophagy pathway will affect both the UPR and apoptosis. Recent evidence has shown that several natural products can modulate (induce or inhibit) the autophagy pathway. Natural products may target different regulatory components of the autophagy pathway, including specific kinases or phosphatases. In this review, we evaluated ~100 natural compounds and plant species and their impact on different types of cancers via the autophagy pathway. We also discuss the impact of these compounds on the UPR and apoptosis via the autophagy pathway. A multitude of preclinical findings have shown the function of botanicals in regulating cell autophagy and its potential impact on cancer therapy; however, the number of related clinical trials to date remains low. In this regard, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are warranted to better clarify the utility of natural compounds and their modulatory effects on autophagy, as fine-tuning of autophagy could be translated into therapeutic applications for several cancers.

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“…Autophagy is regulated through various stressors that define the fate of the cell (13,14). In particular, it is regulated by cell surface receptors and through mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which is directly influenced by the ECM stiffness of the tumor niche (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Stiffness-Dependent Autophagosome Formation and Apoptosis in Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma Tumor Cells

Sezen,

Adiguzel,

Zareour

et al. 2024

Preprint

Self Cite

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Summary/AbstractRemodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) eventually causes the stiffening of tumors and changes to the microenvironment. The stiffening alters the biological processes in cancer cells due to altered signaling through cell surface receptors. Autophagy, a key catabolic process in normal and cancer cells, is thought to be involved in mechano-transduction and the level of autophagy is probably stiffness-dependent. Here, we provide a methodology to study the effect of matrix stiffness on autophagy in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cells. To mimic stiffness, we seeded cells on GelMA hydrogel matrices with defined stiffness and evaluated autophagy-related endpoints. We also evaluated autophagy dependent pathways, apoptosis, and cell viability. Specifically, we utilized immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy to track autophagosome formation through LC3 lipidation. This approach suggests that the use GelMA hydrogels with defined stiffness represent a novel method to evaluate the role of autophagy in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and other cancer cells.Workflow

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Potential role of TGFΒ and autophagy in early cerebellum development

Cited by 11 publications

References 88 publications

Ceramides and Ceramide Synthases in Cancer: Focus on Apoptosis and Autophagy

Ceramides and Ceramide Synthases in Cancer: Focus on Apoptosis and Autophagy

New Visions on Natural Products and Cancer Therapy: Autophagy and Related Regulatory Pathways

Assessment of Stiffness-Dependent Autophagosome Formation and Apoptosis in Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma Tumor Cells

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