Potential Roles of Adiponectin Isoforms in Human Obesity with Delayed Wound Healing

Abstract

Adiponectin is an adipokine with anti-insulin resistance and anti-inflammatory functions. It exists in serum predominantly in three multimeric complexes: the trimer, hexamer, and high-molecular-weight forms. Although recent studies indicate that adiponectin promotes wound healing in rodents, its role in the wound healing process in humans is unknown. This study investigated the expression levels of adiponectin in adipose tissue and serum of women who experienced either normal or delayed wound healing after abdominal plastic surgery. We found that obese women with delayed healing had slightly lower total adiponectin levels in their adipose tissue compared with women with normal healing rates. Among the different isoforms of adiponectin, levels of the trimer forms were significantly reduced in adipose tissue, but not the serum, of obese women with delayed healing compared to women who healed normally. This study provides clinical evidence for a potential role of low-molecular-weight oligomers of adiponectin in the wound healing process as well as implications for an autocrine and/or paracrine mechanism of adiponectin action in adipose tissues.

LRG1 is an adipokine that mediates obesity-induced hepatosteatosis and insulin resistance

“…Human samples and study approval. Human serum and adipose tissue samples were kindly provided by Dr. Christie Bialowas in the Department of Surgery at the UTHSA through collaboration (46). Human liver samples were nonpathological tissue obtained from patients undergoing hepatectomy for metastatic disease (such as pancreatic carcinoma/gallbladder carcinoma).…”

Adipokines, Myokines, and Cardiokines: The Role of Nutritional Interventions

“…Recent studies have hypothesized that multimer APN has anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory action, while trimer APN could stimulate only pro-inflammatory signaling [58]. It is important to note that multimer and hexamer APN are the isoforms detected in human blood, while APN trimers are present at very low concentrations and consequently are not detected [58][59][60].…”

Molecular Mechanisms of Adiponectin-Induced Attenuation of Mechanical Stretch-Mediated Vascular Remodeling

“…The adiponectin used in our experiments is the purified recombinant murine globular domain of adiponectin. Being the larger portion of full-length adiponectin, this globular domain has been shown to exhibit greater potency than full-length adiponectin [75][76][77][78][79], which is why we decided to conduct our study using this form. However, the next step of our experimental investigation will focus on using the metabolically active high molecular weight oligomer and compare its effect with the low molecular weight trimer and the medium molecular weight hexamer in order to decipher which form of adiponectin is most potent in attenuating hypertension-induced vascular remodeling.…”