Poucher’s Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps — Volume 1

Poucher, W. A.; Jouhar, A. J.

doi:10.1007/978-94-010-9672-0

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Perfume has basically 3 sets of notes which are used for making the harmonious scent accord 8,9 . They are Top notes, Middle notes, and Base notes (Figure 1).…”

Section: Notes In Perfumementioning

confidence: 99%

Review on perfume and present status of its associated allergens

Kumar

Devi

Sharma

et al. 2020

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Background Perfume is basically a cosmetic product applied to human body for an amusing scent or the feeling of freshness. A certain amount of perfume penetrates and remains attached to the protein of the skin when perfume is applied on the body. It evokes a surge of events in human immune system which results with allergic symptoms. Fragrance ingredients are leading cause that can be responsible for the occurrence of allergic contact dermatitis that is recently studied under cosmetic adverse reaction. Aim The aim of this review article was to define the allergies that are caused by fragrance ingredients. This review highlights the various aspects of perfume with respect to its manufacturing process, compositions, and fragrance ingredients identified as allergens and its present regulatory status. Method There area 175 frangrance ingredients that are used in perfumes cause allergic reaction. Several studies were conducted on the patients. The study was conducted on four fragrance markers in the baseline series: fragrance mix I (FM I), Myroxylon pereirae, fragrance mix II (FM II), and hydroxyisohexyl 3‐cyclohexene carboxaldehyde. Result Around 658 patients showed allergy due to fragrance ingredients when the patch test was performed. In other study, out of 1253 patients, 90% of the FM I and M. pereirae detected 90% of the cases. Conclusion Majority of the fragrance ingredients can cause allergic reactions and hence act as allergens and thus increase the risk of sensitization on activation. If any individual suffers from allergy or contact dermatitis on use of any perfume, he/she should be aware of it and should reduce or avoid its use to overcome such problems of hypersensitivity.

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“…Perfume has basically 3 sets of notes which are used for making the harmonious scent accord 8,9 . They are Top notes, Middle notes, and Base notes (Figure 1).…”

Section: Notes In Perfumementioning

confidence: 99%

Review on perfume and present status of its associated allergens

Kumar

Devi

Sharma

et al. 2020

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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“…As a result, a phenomenological inference has been reached that allows the invention of new materials according to precise needs, including ecofriendly considerations, among others. Therefore, elaborating formulations is now a truly scientific creative work, based on knowledge and practical know-how accumulated over centuries [8,44,47].…”

Section: Formulation With Surfactants In Human Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…K SN S − ACN + CST = 0 for nonionic surfactants (8) It happens that this form of the equation is certainly better because it allows numerical comparisons with a variable (ACN) scale, which has exactly the same meaning in all cases with no confusion. This avoids the misleading comparison of a change as ∆S with a change as ∆LnS, or with a very different K coefficient because of different surfactant head groups.…”

Section: The Double Scan Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The properties of the formulated product can be its stability or instability over time, its reactivity with the environment or with a particular substance, its safety of use, its conditioning and presentation, its thermal or electrical conductivity, its viscosity or rheology, its wettability, its appearance, texture, color, and smell, etc. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introduction On the Definition Of Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formulation in Surfactant Systems: From-Winsor-to-HLDN

et al. 2022

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Formulation is an ancient concept, although the word has been used only recently. The first formulations made our civilization advance by inventing bronze, steel, and gunpowder; then, it was used in medieval alchemy. When chemistry became a science and with the golden age of organic synthesis, the second formulation period began. This made it possible to create new chemical species and new combinations “à la carte.” However, the research and developments were still carried out by trial and error. Finally, the third period of formulation history began after World War II, when the properties of a system were associated with its ingredients and the way they were assembled or combined. Therefore, the formulation and the systems’ phenomenology were related to the generation of some synergy to obtain a commercial product. Winsor’s formulation studies in the 1950s were enlightening for academy and industries that were studying empirically surfactant-oil-water (SOW) systems. One of its key characteristics was how the interfacial interaction of the adsorbed surfactant with oil and water phases could be equal by varying the physicochemical formulation of the system. Then, Hansen’s solubility parameter in the 1960s helped to reach a further understanding of the affinity of some substances to make them suitable to oil and water phases. In the 1970s, researchers such as Shinoda and Kunieda, and different groups working in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), among them Schechter and Wade’s group at the University of Texas, made formulation become a science by using semiempirical correlations to attain specific characteristics in a system (e.g., low oil-water interfacial tension, formulation of a stable O/W or W/O emulsion, or high-performance solubilization in a bicontinuous microemulsion system at the so-called optimum formulation). Nowadays, over 40 years of studies with the hydrophilic-lipophilic deviation equation (HLD) have made it feasible for formulators to improve products in many different applications using surfactants to attain a target system using HLD in its original or its normalized form, i.e., HLDN. Thus, it can be said that there is still current progress being made towards an interdisciplinary applied science with numerical guidelines. In the present work, the state-of-the-art of formulation in multiphase systems containing two immiscible phases like oil and water, and therefore systems with heterogeneous or micro-heterogeneous interfaces, is discussed. Surfactants, from simple to complex or polymeric, are generally present in such systems to solve a wide variety of problems in many areas. Some significant cases are presented here as examples dealing with petroleum, foods, pharmaceutics, cosmetics, detergency, and other products occurring as dispersions, emulsions, or foams that we find in our everyday lives.

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“…Os álcoois a ,f3-insaturados são produtos de difícil acesso e dispendiosos. Alguns, como por exemplo o geraniol, são extraídos de produtos vegetais de palmarosa com 70-85% de pureza (KURT et al,l985) ou óleo de limão (75-85%) (POUCHER, 1991); outros são preparados por hidrogenação seletiva direta dos aldeídos correspondentes e hídrogenação indireta. Neste último caso, a reação é classicamente realizada por meio de um redutor químico, como por exemplo o isopropilato de alumínio (reação de 1 (MEERWEIN-PONDORF-VERLEY) e hidretos metálicos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeito do tratamento termico na hidrogenação seletiva do citral sobre 'PT-SN'/'SIO IND.2' e 'PT-SN'/'TIO IND.2'

Marin¹

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Agradecimentos SUMÁRIO INTRODUÇÃO OI Capítulo I REVISÃO BffiLIOGRÁFICA Capítulo ill CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS CATALISADORES 3.1 Análise dos Elementos via Absorção Atômica(AA) 3 .2 Microscopia Eletrônica de V arredura(MEV) 3.3 Difração de Raios-X(XRD) 3.4 Análise Termogravimétrica(TGA) 3. 5 Redução à Temperatura Programada(TPR) 3.6 Quimissorção(QUIM) Capítulo IV. TESTES CATALÍTICOS4.1 Reagentes e materiais 4.2 Técnica experimental 4.3 Análise Cromatogràfica 4.4 Expressões usadas na apresentação dos resultados 4.5 Determinação das condições experimentais 4. 6 Resultados dos testes catalíticos 4.6.1 Efeito do suporte em catalisadores monometálicos à base de Pt ou Sn 4.6.2 Efeito do promotor estanho 4.6.3 Efeito da temperatura em catalisadores não calcinados 4.6.4 Efeito da temperatura de calcinação 4.6.5 Efeito da temperatura de redução 4.6.6 Efeito do tempo de redução 4. 6. 7 Efeito do tempo de reação

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Poucher’s Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps — Volume 1

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Review on perfume and present status of its associated allergens

Review on perfume and present status of its associated allergens

Formulation in Surfactant Systems: From-Winsor-to-HLDN

Efeito do tratamento termico na hidrogenação seletiva do citral sobre 'PT-SN'/'SIO IND.2' e 'PT-SN'/'TIO IND.2'

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