Power management control and delivery module for a hybrid electric aircraft using fuel cell and battery

Hoenicke, Pia; Ghosh, Debjani; Muhandes, Adel; Bhattacharya, Sumantra; Bauer, Christiane; Kallo, Josef; Willich, Caroline

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114445

Cited by 42 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Several researchers have worked on the energy management system, and each study was used according to the application. For example, in [49][50][51], the authors used fuzzy logic in the ICE, battery application, and optimisation-based energy management strategy. In [52], the authors studied the topologies and integrated energy management strategies to improve system power loss efficiency.…”

Section: Power Management and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Management and Control of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Photovoltaic, Fuel Cells, and Battery Energy Sources

et al. 2022

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This paper deals with an energy management problem to ensure the best performance of the recharging tools used in electric vehicles. The main objective of this work is to find the optimal condition for controlling a hybrid recharging system by regrouping the photovoltaic cells and fuel cells. The photovoltaic and fuel cell systems were connected in parallel via two converters to feed either a lithium battery bank or the main traction motor. This combination of energy sources resulted in a hybrid recharging system. The mathematical model of the overall recharging system and the designed power management loop was developed, taking into account multiple aspects, including vehicle loading, the stepwise mathematical modelling of each component, and a detailed discussion of the required electronic equipment. Finally, a simplistic management loop was designed and implemented. Multiple case studies were simulated, statistical approaches were used to quantify the contribution of each recharging method, and the benefits of the combination of the two sources were evaluated. The energetic performance of an electric vehicle with the proposed hybrid recharging tool under various conditions, including static and dynamic modes, was simulated using the MATLAB/Simulink tool. The results suggest that despite the additional weight of PV panels, the combination of the PV and FC systems improves the vehicle’s energetic performance and provides a higher charging capacity instead of using an FC alone. A comparison with similar studies revealed that the proposed model has a higher efficiency. Finally, the benefits and drawbacks of each solution are discussed to emphasise the significance of the hybrid recharging system.

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Section: Power Management and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Management and Control of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Photovoltaic, Fuel Cells, and Battery Energy Sources

et al. 2022

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“…Durante as fases de alta demanda de energia, como a decolagem, a bateria alimenta o trem de força da aeronave. A aeronave com um sistema de propulsão híbrido, usando célula a combustível e bateria não produz emissões locais, tem menos ruído e é mais eficiente que as aeronaves convencionais (Hoenicke et al, 2021).…”

Section: Avaliação Do Uso De Célula Combustível Na Propulsão Híbridaunclassified

“…A eficiência do módulo PMCD, em todos os modos durante o voo, é superior a 98%. No entanto, a eficiência do módulo está acima de 98%, e, no modo cruzeiro, que normalmente é o modo mais longo durante um voo, a eficiência chega a 99% (Hoenicke et al, 2021).…”

Section: Sistema Hppunclassified

Estado da arte do uso de células a combustível para a propulsão híbrida elétrica em aeronaves

et al. 2022

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No presente trabalho, são abordados conceitos sobre o uso de células a combustível em propulsão híbrida de aeronaves, com o objetivo de revisar conceitos como o funcionamento da célula a combustível e os principais tipos utilizados, conceitos sobre a propulsão híbrida, seus benefícios e desafios. Além disso, foram estudados quatro modelos de sistemas de propulsão híbrido. Os sistemas propostos foram: o Sistema de propulsão híbrido integrado com um algoritmo de distribuição de energia, o Sistema de propulsão e potência (HPP) ou motor híbrido a jato integrado com a SOFC, o Sistema de propulsão híbrido Turbofan-SOFC, e o Sistema de propulsão híbrido Turbofan-MCFC. Para cada um dos sistemas, foram observados indicadores como potência, consumo, empuxo, eficiências, gerenciamento de energia entre outros. Finalmente foram observadas algumas dificuldades para implementação do uso de células a combustível em aeronaves. Os resultados mais promissores em termos de eficiência foram apresentados pelo sistema Turbofan-SOFC e Turbofan- MCFC, em que o sistema Turbofan-SOFC obteve uma eficiência térmica 52,8% e uma eficiência exergética de 66,2%, e o sistema Turbofan-MCFC obteve maiores eficiência de 71% para eficiência térmica e 87,6% para eficiência exergética. Além da alta eficiência, esses sistemas permitem o uso de hidrocarbonetos como combustíveis, viabilizando a transição para o hidrogênio até que uma rede de distribuição esteja consolidada.

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“…There are also variations on the described topologies. For example, the HY4 aircraft uses a variation of a direct system with additional diodes and a separate path for recharging the battery [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been different techniques developed over the years for a good energy management strategy, using for example a fuzzy logic approach [20], battery involved energy managements with Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Algorithm [21] or Soft Actor-Critic DRL Algorithm [22]. For the aircraft HY4, a Power Management Control and Delivery (PMCD) unit [19] is used to manage the power demand and control the power for different flight phases while additionally providing redundancy and more safety for the aircraft operation. In this paper, it is assumed that an existing energy management system is available on the on-board computer which will send the command to the battery unit of the AC hybrid to turn on and off as required by the mission profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of a Novel Alternating Current Hybrid Concept for a Fuel Cell–Battery Hybrid Electric Aircraft

et al. 2021

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Hybrid electric aircraft offer the potential to decrease emissions from air travel. A new hybrid concept is proposed for a fuel cell-battery hybrid aircraft. In contrast to existing hybrids, the proposed concept puts a battery directly on the AC phases of the motor, which together with a suitable switching circuit superimposes the DC voltage from the battery on the AC voltage of the motor phase providing a voltage boost depending on the battery voltage, which can be used during a high-power demand flight phase. The system is also capable of recharging the battery during flight. The necessary switching architecture was developed and modeled in MATLAB/Simulink to verify the concept and an experimental setup was built for demonstrating the functionality. Simulation and experimental results showed a very good agreement which is very promising for the proposed new hybrid topology.

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Power management control and delivery module for a hybrid electric aircraft using fuel cell and battery

Cited by 42 publications

References 18 publications

Power Management and Control of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Photovoltaic, Fuel Cells, and Battery Energy Sources

Power Management and Control of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Photovoltaic, Fuel Cells, and Battery Energy Sources

Estado da arte do uso de células a combustível para a propulsão híbrida elétrica em aeronaves

Demonstration of a Novel Alternating Current Hybrid Concept for a Fuel Cell–Battery Hybrid Electric Aircraft

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