Power to Hydrogen and Power to Water Using Wind Energy

Bertsiou, Maria Margarita; Baltas, Evangelos

doi:10.3390/wind2020017

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…According to [13], among the different parameters studied, the wind potential is the one that affects the results of the HRES more significantly as far as the loss of load probability, the cost of water and the cost of energy are concerned. Therefore, in this study, the production of synthetic time series of wind speed is conducted, following the methodology described in [14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy Sources: Transition towards Sustainable Development through the Water–Energy–Food Approach

Bertsiou,

Baltas

2023

16th International Conference on Meteorology, Climatology and Atmospheric Physics—COMECAP 2023

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy Sources: Transition towards Sustainable Development through the Water–Energy–Food Approach

Bertsiou,

Baltas

2023

16th International Conference on Meteorology, Climatology and Atmospheric Physics—COMECAP 2023

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“…Bertsiou and Baltas [23] conducted research on the topic of combining renewable energy sources with the generation of hydrogen and its usage using fuel cells on a Greek island. The paper discusses the comparison between a single storage system (PHS) and a hybrid storage system (HPHS) for fulfilling energy requirements on islands, with the HPHS showing lower loss of load probability values despite higher cost, conducted on the island of Fournoi Korseon in Greece.…”

Section: Islandic Electricity Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Zero Carbon Emissions Due to Ultra-High RES Penetration in Interconnected Island

Karapidakis,

Mozakis,

Nikologiannis

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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European islands have been leading the charge in renewable energy innovation. Yet, the intermittent nature of sources like solar and wind poses challenges such as grid saturation and frequency variations. Limited interconnection with mainland grids exacerbates these issues, necessitating backup from conventional power sources during low-production periods. Until 2021, Crete operated independently, but new infrastructure now integrates it with the Greek mainland grid, facilitating swift energy transfers. This integration enables surplus power from Crete’s solar and wind systems to be transmitted to the mainland and vice versa. However, reliance on remote power production exposes the island to market fluctuations and distant disruptions, impacting electricity production. Storage technologies offer a solution, enhancing renewable energy penetration while reducing carbon emissions. Green hydrogen, a rising storage method, shows promise in offsetting carbon emissions. Its clean-burning nature minimizes environmental impact and reduces reliance on costly and harmful conventional sources. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of achieving carbon-neutral electricity production in Crete, Greece, using hydrogen storage to offset annual carbon emissions in a financially viable and sustainable manner. Hydrogen’s clean-burning properties reduce environmental impact and lessen dependence on expensive and environmentally harmful conventional sources. The methodology prioritizes the independence of the Cretan electricity system, utilizing electrolysis to produce green hydrogen and proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells for energy generation. It investigates the optimal expansion of renewable energy systems, including photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine (WT) parks, alongside the installation of hydrogen storage, under specific assumptions. This proposed installation aims to achieve both island independence and profitability, requiring an additional expansion in PV capacity of 2.13 GW, WT capacity of 3.55 GW, and a hydrogen system with electrolyzer and fuel cell capacities totaling 278.83 MW each, along with a hydrogen tank capacity of 69.20 MWh. The investment entails a capital expenditure (CAPEX) of 6,516,043,003.31 EUR for a nearly zero net present value (NPV) over 20 years. However, carbon neutrality cannot be attained through this optimal solution alone, as relying solely on carbon sequestration from olive groves, the primary crop cultivated on the island, is insufficient as a carbon sink method. The annual net carbon emissions from electricity production, island transport, residential heating, and carbon sequestration are estimated at 94,772.22 tCO2.

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“…A solution to the energy and water problems would be Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES), which combine one or more RES and one or more storage technologies. The problems caused by the stochastic nature of natural variables, particularly wind speed and solar irradiation, can be resolved by this integration [27]. Also, such a solution can contribute to RES integration, improve the WEF nexus, increase network reliability and performance, and lead to a reduction in CO 2 emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Different Storage Technologies towards Sustainable Development—A Case Study in a Greek Island

Bertsiou,

Baltas

2024

Wind

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The necessity for transitioning to renewable energy sources and the intermittent nature of the natural variables lead to the integration of storage units into these projects. In this research paper, wind turbines and solar modules are combined with pumped hydro storage, batteries, and green hydrogen. Energy management strategies are described for five different scenarios of hybrid renewable energy systems, based on single or hybrid storage technologies. The motivation is driven by grid stability issues and the limited access to fresh water in the Greek islands. A RES-based desalination unit is introduced into the hybrid system for access to low-cost fresh water. The comparison of single and hybrid storage methods, the exploitation of seawater for the simultaneous fulfillment of water for domestic and agricultural purposes, and the evaluation of different energy, economic, and environmental indices are the innovative aspects of this research work. The results show that pumped hydro storage systems can cover the energy and water demand at the minimum possible price, 0.215 EUR/kWh and 1.257 EUR/m3, while hybrid storage technologies provide better results in the loss of load probability, payback period and CO2 emissions. For the pumped hydro–hydrogen hybrid storage system, these values are 21.40%, 10.87 years, and 2297 tn/year, respectively.

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Power to Hydrogen and Power to Water Using Wind Energy

Cited by 7 publications

References 57 publications

Renewable Energy Sources: Transition towards Sustainable Development through the Water–Energy–Food Approach

Renewable Energy Sources: Transition towards Sustainable Development through the Water–Energy–Food Approach

Zero Carbon Emissions Due to Ultra-High RES Penetration in Interconnected Island

Integration of Different Storage Technologies towards Sustainable Development—A Case Study in a Greek Island

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