PP-193 In vitro evaluation of medium-chain saturated fatty acid (dodecanoic acid) on Blastocystis hominis

Blastocystis hominis is an unusual enteric protozoan of human and animals. Natural products are not only the basis for traditional or ethnic medicine, but also provides highly successful new regimen for human welfare. Meronidazole constitutes a mainstay and is also traditionally considered first line therapy for treatment of Blastocystosis. However, the therapy is complicated due to different dosages and regimens adopted and the unresponsiveness to all treatment. A lot of interest has been generated on the role of probiotic, coconut oil and its fatty acid (Lauric acid) on eradication of the parasite. This study, appraised the effect of monolaurine, lactoferine and metronidazole using different dose regimens on experimental Blastocystosis. Assessment of evaluation was performed by determining the number of oocysts/gm stool, number of vegetative forms and histopathological changes in the intestine, in addition to in vitro susceptibility and ultrastructural changes of B. hominis following incubation with the previous agents. Each hamster was infected orally by 10.000 oocysts. Three weeks later, animals were divided into 6 groups, a control group and five other groups according to the drug they received. Drugs were taken for 5 consecutive days. Two weeks later, scarification of animals was performed and occyst/gm stool and trophozoites in the intestine were counted. In vitro incubation of the parasite with Lactoferine (1000 and 2000 µg/ml), metronidazole (120 and 200 µg/ml) was counted at different time periods (1/2, 1 and 2 h). Parasite viability was assessed using eosin-brilliant cresyle blue exclusion test. Ultrastructural changes of B. hominis following incubation of drugs were studied using transmission electron microscope. This study adds to the fact that natural products can offer an alternative therapy to be used in place of or concurrently with conventional antimicrobials.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of Blastocystis hominis to monolaurine (Lauric acid), lactoferine (Lactobacillus acidophillus) and metronidazole: An in vitro and in vivo studies

Soad¹,

Iman²,

Neimat³

et al. 2016

“…Our results agreed with El-Wakil (2007) who proved that N. sativa aqueous extract could be useful in the treatment of B. hominis. This study is an arrangement with Hassan et al (2010) who stated that, dodecanoic acid (monolaurin) induced highly significant reduction of viability of B. hominis cells, 30 and 20% in culture after 2 h incubation at 500 and 700 µg/ml concentration, respectively at (p < 0.01). The highest concentration (1000 µg/ml) caused rapid death of the parasite and no viable cells were detected after 30 min incubation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

The role of artemether as a possible drug for treatment Blastocystis hominis infection: In vivo and in vitro studies

Zeinab¹,

Eman²,

Olfat³

2015

The study is carried out to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effect of treatment of artemether against Blastocystis hominis infection. In addition, transmission electron microscopic examination (TEM) and histopathological studies of B. hominis were carried out. The effect of artemether on Blastocystis viability showed reduction in viability 7 and 15% after 1 h in the group treated with 500 and700 µg/ml, respectively. There are reductions in living cell count (LCC) and living cell rate (LCR) activity of artemether on B. hominis isolates in 500 and 700 µg/ml, respectively in both counts. The highest concentration (1000 µg/ml) caused rapid death of the parasite. The combination of artemether + metronidazole (MTZ) showed remarkable improvement in histopathological picture. By TEM examination, Blastocystis cells treated with metronidazole (120 μg/ml) showed shrinking of the cytoplasm and appetites change. Blastocystis cells after exposure to 500 μg/ml artemether showed large cytoplasmic vacuoles which appeared empty with rupture of the cell wall. Finally, our studies showed that artemether can be useful as herbal candidate for B. hominis infection therapy.

“…Similarly, in study of Hassan et al (2010) reported the administration of monolaurin (lauric acid) was effective in the group infected with blastocystis. Dodecanoic acid (monolaurin ML) at 500 and 700 µg/ml induced highly significant reduction of concentration of blastocystis cells in culture after 2 h incubation (p < 0.01).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…It has the greatest overall antimicrobial effect. It also had antiprasitic effect on blastocysts in vitro (Hassan et al, 2010). Monolaurin which is a natural compound derived from coconut was evaluated for its antigiardial effects on giardia as stated by Rayan et al (2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of medium chain saturated fatty acid (monolaurin) on levels of the cytokines on experimental animal in Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia infection

Zeinab¹,

Eman²,

Ibrahim³

et al. 2014

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of medium chain saturated fatty acid (monolaurin) on experimentally infected Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica, and measurement of IFN-γ, TNFα, IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β levels of cytokines. To study the effect of monolaurin on the duodenal mucosa of the studied infected hamsters, a group of sixty golden Syrian hamsters were used, which were further divided into two subgroups: Subgroup I, in which hamsters were infected by oral administration of 10,000 G. lamblia cysts and Subgroup II, in which hamsters were infected by 10,000 E. histotytica cysts. Each subgroup was divided into (6) groups. Subgroup I included the group from (1 to 6), although subgroup II included from 7 to 12 groups. In G. lamblia infected subgroup I, best results were observed by the reduction in both vegetative and cystic forms, respectively shown in group (6) treated with combination of metronidazole and monolaurin post infection 94.68 and 96.55%, respectively. In the Subgroup II infected with E. histolytica, the high reduction in trophozoite and cystic forms in intestinal contents were in the group (12) which was treated with a combination of metronidazole and monolaurin post infection (90.12 and 92.56%, respectively). Cytokines levels IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β were measured in serum using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The best result was shown in the group (6) treated with a combination of metronidazole and mololaurin post infection 130,129, 35, 165 and 240 Pg/ml. Also histopathological examination gave the best healing in the groups (6) infected with G. lamblia than thos infected by E. histolytica.