“…The product and its characteristics, including material composition, usage patterns, residual value or functionality, and product dimensions, should be considered as they can influence both the collection and the resource recovery or treatment strategies (Cline et al, 2015;Ortegon et al, 2013;Van Der Wiel et al, 2012). The motivations and drivers for initiating RL should be assessed since they can vary, such as legislation, economic factors, customer expectations, environmental concerns, and corporate image, but also understanding the reasons for initiating RL can serve as a compass for decision-making (Abdullah and Yaakub, 2014;Hong and Huang, 2021;Santos et al, 2013;Temur and Bolat, 2017;Van Der Wiel et al, 2012;Vaz et al, 2013). Also, the current value chain of the product(s) considered and the legislative landscape should be assessed, including existing and potential regulations that can influence RL design (de Oliveira et al, 2019;De Souza and D'Agosto, 2013;Keivanpour et al, 2015).…”