Pre-harvest sprouting in wheat: current status and future prospects

Singh, Charan; Kamble, Umesh; Gupta, Vikas; Singh, Gyanendra; Sheoran, Sonia; Gupta, Arun Kumar; Tyagi, B. S.; Kumar, Pradeep; Mishra, Chandra Nath; Krishannapa, Gopalareddy; Bishnoi, Santosh Kumar; Sharma, Amit Kumar; Kumar, Sunil; Singh, Gyanendra Pratap

doi:10.25174/2582-2675/2021/114484

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Correspondingly, the differences among the parents vs generations were significant for all studied characters revealed the presence of heterosis. The similar results were observed for different characters by earlier researchers such as Kamaluddin et al [7], Pancholi et al [8], Zare-Kohan and Heidari [9], Singh et al [10] and Nageshwar et al [11].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Heterotic Performance and Inbreeding Depression for Yield and Component Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em.Thell.)

Burdak

Prakash²,

Kakralya³

et al. 2023

IJECC

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Aim: To determine the extent of heterosis, heterobeltiosis and inbreeding depression in bread wheat and identified superior cross combinations for hybrid seed production of wheat at commercial level. Study Design: The evaluation was carried out in Randomized block design with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experimental material was evaluated during Rabi 2021-22 at RARI, Durgapura. Methodology: The ten genotypes of wheat viz. Raj 3077, Raj 4079, Raj 3765, PBW 343, PBW 590, DBW 17, HD 2967, HD 3059, WH 1021 and UP 2425 were selected and crossed in half diallel fashion (excluding reciprocals) during Rabi 2018-19 to produce F1’s. During kharif 2019, half of F1’s seed was raised at IARI Regional Station Wellington (Tamil Nadu) to get F2’s seed for experimentation. The experimental unit comprising 10 parents along with their 45 F1’’s and 45 F2’s were evaluated during Rabi 2021-22 at RARI, Durgapura. Results: The crosses Raj 4079 x Raj 3765, Raj 3765 x PBW 343, Raj 3765 x WH 1021, Raj 4079 x HD 2967, Raj 3765 x HD 2967 and Raj 4079 x PBW 343 exhibited significant and desired heterobeltiosis over better parent for grain yield per plant and also showed significant and desirable heterobeltiosis for most of other yield attributing characters. For grain yield Raj 3077 x HD 3059, PBW 590 x HD 2967 and HD 2967 x WH 1021 revealed significant and negative inbreeding depression. Conclusion: Nature and magnitude of heterosis aids in recognizing superior cross combinations to get better transgressive segregants. Six superior hybrids may be exploited commercially for getting benefits of heterosis for grain yield and its other component traits in bread wheat.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Heterotic Performance and Inbreeding Depression for Yield and Component Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em.Thell.)

Burdak

Prakash²,

Kakralya³

et al. 2023

IJECC

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“…PHS refers to a phenomenon in which developing grains germinate viviparously (precociously) on the mother plant prior to harvest. The primary cause of PHS is lack of dormancy of the grain under humid/wet environmental conditions (e.g., Eyster, 1931;Neill et al, 1987;Lund et al, 2001;Paulsen and Auld, 2004;Rodríguez et al, 2015;Singh et al, 2021;Sohn et al, 2021). However, whereas the cereal grains that germinate viviparously do not go through a rest period before they germinate, seeds of the Amaranthaceae species in our study go through an extended autumn → late winter/early spring rest period (quiescence, dormancy) before they germinate on the mother plant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Non-viviparous pre-dispersal seed germination in Amaranthaceae in the cold deserts of Central Asia

Liu

Han

et al. 2022

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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In the broad context of understanding the relationship between timing of seed germination and adaptation of a plant species to its habitat, the purpose of this study was to purse an observation of pre-dispersal seed germination of Salsola brachiata (Amaranthaceae) in late winter 2021 in the Amaranthaceae species-rich cold deserts in northwest China (Central Asia). We searched for pre-dispersal germination in species of Amaranthaceae growing in sand dunes (S), salt deserts (SD) and gravel deserts (GD). We examined 69 species in 155 populations in autumn 2021 and 52 species in 12 populations in early spring 2022. No seeds of any of the 69 species germinated on the mother plants in autumn 2021, while 30 of 52 species (57.7%) did so during snowmelt in early spring 2022. The rank order of species with few to many seeds germinated on the mother plants was annuals (66.7%) > small shrubs (23.3%) > small trees (6.7%) > shrubs (3.3%). The number of species in S, SD, and GD with pre-dispersal germinated seeds was 16 of 27 (59.3%), 15 of 31 (48.4%), and 15 of 30 (50.0%), respectively. The high species occurrence of pre-dispersal germination in early spring suggested that it might be adaptive in the unpredictable-rainfall growing-season environment of the cold deserts of Central Asia, a center of diversity of Amaranthaceae. However, preliminary studies on seedling/juvenile survival of S. brachiata showed that those from post-dispersal soil-germinated seeds had the best survival, suggesting that pre-dispersal seed germination may be maladaptive.

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“…Heat stress, particularly at the terminal stage of wheat, is the major limiting factor for plant productivity and is a major cause of yield instability in many parts of the world. Changes in temperature patterns accompanied by unpredictable rainfall patterns are also affecting crop productivity in several countries, including India (Singh G. et al, 2018). The threat perceptions due to the impact of global climate change on agriculture are going to be huge in the coming decades.…”

Section: Abiotic Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indian Wheat Genomics Initiative for Harnessing the Potential of Wheat Germplasm Resources for Breeding Disease-Resistant, Nutrient-Dense, and Climate-Resilient Cultivars

et al. 2022

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Wheat is one of the major staple cereal food crops in India. However, most of the wheat-growing areas experience several biotic and abiotic stresses, resulting in poor quality grains and reduced yield. To ensure food security for the growing population in India, there is a compelling need to explore the untapped genetic diversity available in gene banks for the development of stress-resistant/tolerant cultivars. The improvement of any crop lies in exploring and harnessing the genetic diversity available in its genetic resources in the form of cultivated varieties, landraces, wild relatives, and related genera. A huge collection of wheat genetic resources is conserved in various gene banks across the globe. Molecular and phenotypic characterization followed by documentation of conserved genetic resources is a prerequisite for germplasm utilization in crop improvement. The National Genebank of India has an extensive and diverse collection of wheat germplasm, comprising Indian wheat landraces, primitive cultivars, breeding lines, and collection from other countries. The conserved germplasm can contribute immensely to the development of wheat cultivars with high levels of biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Breeding wheat varieties that can give high yields under different stress environments has not made much headway due to high genotypes and environmental interaction, non-availability of truly resistant/tolerant germplasm, and non-availability of reliable markers linked with the QTL having a significant impact on resistance/tolerance. The development of new breeding technologies like genomic selection (GS), which takes into account the G × E interaction, will facilitate crop improvement through enhanced climate resilience, by combining biotic and abiotic stress resistance/tolerance and maximizing yield potential. In this review article, we have summarized different constraints being faced by Indian wheat-breeding programs, challenges in addressing biotic and abiotic stresses, and improving quality and nutrition. Efforts have been made to highlight the wealth of Indian wheat genetic resources available in our National Genebank and their evaluation for the identification of trait-specific germplasm. Promising genotypes to develop varieties of important targeted traits and the development of different genomics resources have also been highlighted.

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Pre-harvest sprouting in wheat: current status and future prospects

Cited by 23 publications

References 55 publications

Heterotic Performance and Inbreeding Depression for Yield and Component Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em.Thell.)

Heterotic Performance and Inbreeding Depression for Yield and Component Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em.Thell.)

Non-viviparous pre-dispersal seed germination in Amaranthaceae in the cold deserts of Central Asia

Indian Wheat Genomics Initiative for Harnessing the Potential of Wheat Germplasm Resources for Breeding Disease-Resistant, Nutrient-Dense, and Climate-Resilient Cultivars

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