Prebiotic effects and intestinal fermentation of cereal arabinoxylans and arabinoxylan oligosaccharides in rats depend strongly on their structural properties and joint presence

Damen, Bram; Verspreet, Joran; Pollet, Annick; Broekaert, Willem F.; Delcour, Jan A.

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201100377

Cited by 125 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, with 5% BHH supplementation, the fecal color became black or dark-brown, and the pH changed slightly to 8.0 _ 8.4. These changes in pH and color in both experiments using young and aged mice were almost the same as those observed in previous reports (Vardakou et al, 2007;Damen et al, 2011) of wheat arabinoxylans. The report noted that pH decreases upon feeding arabinoxylans were caused by the production of short-chain fatty acids, such as acetate, propionate or butyrate, and the promotion of specific bacterial growth.…”

Section: Comparison Of Fecal Ph Colour and Organic Acid Contents Betsupporting

confidence: 91%

Preparation of Bamboo Hemicellulose Hydrolysate Possessing Anti-oxidative Properties and Their Effects on Mice Plasma Cholesterol

Maemura

Horiuchi

Abe

et al. 2016

FSTR

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Bamboo hemicellulose hydrolysate (BHH) was extracted from bamboo by high temperature and enzymatic treatment. The ratio of total sugars in BHH was 75.7% on a dry matter basis (sugar components: 46.4% glucose, 12.7% arabinose, 40.9% xylose). These were mainly comprised of low molecular weight oligosaccharides containing ferulic acid. BHH exhibited strong anti-oxidative activities. In high fat (HF) diet-fed mice, 5% BHH supplementation significantly ameliorated increases in plasma cholesterol levels compared to the control mice fed HF diet alone. Also, while the fecal pH of control mice increased, that of test mice (5% BHH supplementation) did not increase to similar levels. Greater amounts of propionic acid were detected in the feces of HF diet-fed mice fed HF supplemented with BHH than one fed HF diet alone.

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Section: Comparison Of Fecal Ph Colour and Organic Acid Contents Betsupporting

confidence: 91%

Preparation of Bamboo Hemicellulose Hydrolysate Possessing Anti-oxidative Properties and Their Effects on Mice Plasma Cholesterol

Maemura

Horiuchi

Abe

et al. 2016

FSTR

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“…AX and their hydrolysis products, AXOS, are a promising class of prebiotics, as they have the potential to stimulate bifidobacteria, as ITF do, a so-called bifidogenic effect (12,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). Also, like ITF, they seem to stimulate the production of butyrate and an increase in the relative abundance of Eubacterium spp., Roseburia spp., and F. prausnitzii, a so-called butyrogenic effect (12,18,19,21,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29).Although the bifidogenic and butyrogenic effects of AX and AXOS are considered to be beneficial for human health, their overall underlying mechanisms and microbial backgrounds are still largely unknown. It is, however, probable that cross-feeding mechanisms like those that take place with ITF occur, in which …”

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confidence: 99%

Mutual Cross-Feeding Interactions between Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum NCC2705 and Eubacterium rectale ATCC 33656 Explain the Bifidogenic and Butyrogenic Effects of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides

Rivière

Gagnon

Weckx

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

181

140

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Arabinoxylan oligosaccharides (AXOS) are a promising class of prebiotics that have the potential to stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria and the production of butyrate in the human colon, known as the bifidogenic and butyrogenic effects, respectively. Although these dual effects of AXOS are considered beneficial for human health, their underlying mechanisms are still far from being understood. Therefore, this study investigated the metabolic interactions between Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum NCC2705 (B. longum NCC2705), an acetate producer and arabinose substituent degrader of AXOS, and Eubacterium rectale ATCC 33656, an acetate-converting butyrate producer. Both strains belong to prevalent species of the human colon microbiota. The strains were grown on AXOS during mono-and coculture fermentations, and their growth, AXOS consumption, metabolite production, and expression of key genes were monitored. The results showed that the growth of both strains and gene expression in both strains were affected by cocultivation and that these effects could be linked to changes in carbohydrate consumption and concomitant metabolite production. The consumption of the arabinose substituents of AXOS by B. longum NCC2705 with the concomitant production of acetate allowed E. rectale ATCC 33656 to produce butyrate (by means of a butyryl coenzyme A [CoA]:acetate CoA-transferase), explaining the butyrogenic effect of AXOS. Eubacterium rectale ATCC 33656 released xylose from the AXOS substrate, which favored the B. longum NCC2705 production of acetate, explaining the bifidogenic effect of AXOS. Hence, those interactions represent mutual cross-feeding mechanisms that favor the coexistence of bifidobacterial strains and butyrate producers in the same ecological niche. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the bifidogenic and butyrogenic effects of AXOS. F ermentation in the human colon is carried out by trillions of bacteria that contribute not only to health and well-being but also to disease (1-4). For instance, a decrease in the relative abundance of bifidobacteria in the human colon has been associated with antibiotic-associated diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, allergies, and regressive autism (5, 6). Although it is currently not yet clear whether changes in microbial composition are a cause or a consequence of these disorders, there are indications that metabolites, in particular, the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetate, butyrate, and propionate, that are produced during fermentation in the colon play an important role in intestinal homeostasis (3, 7). Among the SCFAs produced in the human colon, butyrate has drawn the most attention, as it is an essential energy source for the colon epithelial cells and has a protective effect against inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer (3,8,9). Most butyrate producers belong to the Firmicutes phylum and use a butyryl coenzyme A (CoA):acetate CoA-transferase in the final step of butyrate biosynthesis, which involves the n...

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“…longum NCC2705 demonstrates the adaptation of bifidobacterial strains to these substrates important for human health (11). Further, it has been shown that the bifidogenic effect impacts indirectly other genera as well, in particular propionateand butyrate-producing colon bacteria, possibly through crossfeeding (4,10,12).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Ability of Bifidobacteria To Degrade Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharide Constituents and Derived Oligosaccharides Is Strain Dependent

Rivière

Moens

Selak

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

114

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Arabinoxylan oligosaccharides (AXOS) are prebiotic carbohydrates with promising health-promoting properties that stimulate the activity of specific colon bacteria, in particular bifidobacteria. However, the mechanisms by which bifidobacterial strains break down these compounds in the colon is still unknown. This study investigates AXOS consumption of a large number of bifidobacterial strains (36), belonging to 11 different species, systematically. To determine their degradation mechanisms, all strains were grown on a mixture of arabinose and xylose, xylo-oligosaccharides, and complex AXOS molecules as the sole added energy sources. Based on principal component and cluster analyses of their different arabinose substituent and/or xylose backbone consumption patterns, five clusters that were species independent could be distinguished among the bifidobacterial strains tested. In parallel, the strains were screened for the presence of genes encoding several putative AXOS-degrading enzymes, but no clear-cut correlation could be made with the different degradation mechanisms. The intra-and interspecies differences in the consumption patterns of AXOS indicate that bifidobacterial strains could avoid competition among each other or even could cooperate jointly to degrade these complex prebiotics. The knowledge gained on the AXOS degradation mechanisms in bifidobacteria can be of importance in the rational design of prebiotics with tailor-made composition and thus increased specificity in the colon.

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Prebiotic effects and intestinal fermentation of cereal arabinoxylans and arabinoxylan oligosaccharides in rats depend strongly on their structural properties and joint presence

Abstract: The prebiotic potential and fermentation characteristics of cereal AX depend strongly on their structural properties and joint presence.

Cited by 125 publications

References 37 publications

Preparation of Bamboo Hemicellulose Hydrolysate Possessing Anti-oxidative Properties and Their Effects on Mice Plasma Cholesterol

Preparation of Bamboo Hemicellulose Hydrolysate Possessing Anti-oxidative Properties and Their Effects on Mice Plasma Cholesterol

Mutual Cross-Feeding Interactions between Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum NCC2705 and Eubacterium rectale ATCC 33656 Explain the Bifidogenic and Butyrogenic Effects of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides

The Ability of Bifidobacteria To Degrade Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharide Constituents and Derived Oligosaccharides Is Strain Dependent

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