Preclinical experimental stress studies: Protocols, assessment and comparison

Bali, Anjana; Jaggi, Amteshwar Singh

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.10.017

Cited by 96 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Imipra-1017 mine seems to reduce the bodyweight gain in non-1018 stressed WT mice, which phenomenon was observed 1019 by other laboratories both in rats (Lewis et al, 1983) 1020 and mice (Zhao et al, 2015). 1021 Our data on increased adrenal weights of WT mice 1022 also clearly support the effectivity of our CVMS 1023 paradigm (for a review see: Bali and Jaggi, 2015 Vialou et al, 2015). The latter isoform is involved in 1084 chronic stress adaptation (Nestler et al, 1999;Perrotti 1085Perrotti et al, 2004Sterrenburg et al, 2011).…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

Reduced response to chronic mild stress in PACAP mutant mice is associated with blunted FosB expression in limbic forebrain and brainstem centers

et al. 2016

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supporting

confidence: 90%

Reduced response to chronic mild stress in PACAP mutant mice is associated with blunted FosB expression in limbic forebrain and brainstem centers

et al. 2016

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“…Furthermore, a single exposure to short as well as long duration immobilization stress also led to an increase in the serum corticosterone levels, suggesting the over-activation of the HPA axis [24]. The observed behavioral as well as biochemical changes in the present study are in agreement with other studies showing an alteration in behavior and an increase in serum corticosterone levels in response to acute immobilization stress exposure [5,25,26].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Anti-stress effects of a GSK-3β inhibitor, AR-A014418, in immobilization stress of variable duration in mice

Bali

Jaggi

2017

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology

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Background: The present study was designed to explore the anti-stress role of AR-A014418, a selective glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor (GSK-3β), on changes provoked by immobilization stress of varying duration. Methods: Acute stress of varying degree was induced by subjecting mice to immobilization stress of short duration (30 min) or long duration (120 min). Thereafter, these animals were exposed to the same stressor for 5 days to induce stress adaptation. The behavioral alterations were assessed using an actophotometer, a hole-board, and the open field and social interaction tests. The serum corticosterone levels were assessed as markers of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. The levels of total GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β-S9 were determined in the prefrontal cortex. Results: A single exposure to short or long immobilization stress produced behavioral and biochemical changes and the levels of p-GSK-3β-S9 decreased without affecting the total GSK-3β levels in the brain. However, repeated exposure to both short and long stress reversed the behavioral and biochemical changes along with the normalization of p-GSK-3β-S9 levels. The administration of AR-A014418, a selective GSK-3β inhibitor, diminished acute stress-induced behavioral and biochemical changes. Furthermore, AR-A014418 normalized acute stress-induced alterations in p-GSK-3β-S9 levels without changing total GSK-3β levels. Conclusions: Our study suggests that acute stress-induced decrease in p-GSK-3β-S9 levels in the brain contributes to the development of behavioral and biochemical alterations and the normalization of GSK-3β signaling may contribute to stress adaptive behavior in mice which have been subjected to repeated immobilization stress.

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“…Animal models form the backbone of preclinical research in the field of neurobiology and psychiatric disorders (Bali and Jaggi, 2015). These stress models may conveniently be classified as physical, psychological, and mixed.…”

Section: Stress Induction and Stress Assessment Methods In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical experimental stress studies: methods and assessment

Bali

Jaggi

2015

Reviews in the Neurosciences

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AbstractStress is a state of threatened homeostasis during which a variety of adaptive processes are activated to produce physiological and behavioral changes. Stress induction methods are pivotal for understanding these physiological or pathophysiological changes in the body in response to stress. Furthermore, these methods are also important for the development of novel pharmacological agents for stress management. The well-described methods to induce stress in humans include the cold pressor test, Trier Social Stress Test, Montreal Imaging Stress Task, Maastricht Acute Stress Test, CO2 challenge test, Stroop test, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task, noise stress, and Mannheim Multicomponent Stress Test. Stress assessment in humans is done by measuring biochemical markers such as cortisol, cortisol awakening response, dexamethasone suppression test, salivary α-amylase, plasma/urinary norepinephrine, norepinephrine spillover rate, and interleukins. Physiological and behavioral changes such as galvanic skin response, heart rate variability, pupil size, and muscle and/or skin sympathetic nerve activity (microneurography) and cardiovascular parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, and self-reported anxiety are also monitored to assess stress response. This present review describes these commonly employed methods to induce stress in humans along with stress assessment methods.

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Preclinical experimental stress studies: Protocols, assessment and comparison

Cited by 96 publications

References 122 publications

Reduced response to chronic mild stress in PACAP mutant mice is associated with blunted FosB expression in limbic forebrain and brainstem centers

Reduced response to chronic mild stress in PACAP mutant mice is associated with blunted FosB expression in limbic forebrain and brainstem centers

Anti-stress effects of a GSK-3β inhibitor, AR-A014418, in immobilization stress of variable duration in mice

Clinical experimental stress studies: methods and assessment

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