Preclinical murine platform to evaluate therapeutic countermeasures against radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome

Romesser, Paul B.; Kim, Amanda S.; Jeong, Jeho; Mayle, Allison; Dow, Lukas E.; Lowe, Scott W.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1906611116

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…By destroying the intestinal epithelial barrier, radiation therapy enhances intestinal permeability and mucosal injury. Intestinal injuries lead to high plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine secretions that trigger a series of inflammatory reactions and bowel syndrome ( Romesser et al, 2019 ). Moreover, Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.…”

Section: Chinese Herbal Medicines and The Anti-radiation Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Efficacy and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicines as a Therapeutic Option for Ionizing Radiation Induced Damage

et al. 2021

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Ionizing radiation damage refers to acute, delayed, or chronic tissue damage associated with ionizing radiation. Specific or effective therapeutic options for systemic injuries induced by ionizing radiation have not been developed. Studies have shown that Chinese herbal Medicine or Chinese Herbal Prescription exhibit preventive properties against radiation damage. These medicines inhibit tissue injuries and promote repair with very minimal side effects. This study reviews traditional Chinese herbal medicines and prescriptions with radiation protective effects as well as their mechanisms of action. The information obtained will guide the development of alternative radioprotectants.

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Section: Chinese Herbal Medicines and The Anti-radiation Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Efficacy and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicines as a Therapeutic Option for Ionizing Radiation Induced Damage

et al. 2021

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“…After IR, the tight modulation of the Wnt signaling has been shown as crucial for the promotion of self-renewal and/or differentiation of stem/progenitor cells to drive regeneration ( Figure 2 e,f) [ 26 , 60 , 62 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 ]. In the taste bud, the input from the Wnt pathway had a role in the reestablishment of taste cell differentiation upon fractionated IR [ 75 ].…”

Section: Signaling Pathways That Contribute To Sc Radiation Responmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To mimic temporally pharmacological Wnt signaling activation, the in vivo use of shRNA technology has been explored [ 70 ]. Indeed, shRNA targeting APC displayed an increase in the number of crypts in 14.5 Gy irradiated small murine intestines, accompanied by upregulation of ISC markers Lgr5 and Ascl2, and Wnt target genes c-Myc and Axin2.…”

Section: Signaling Pathways That Contribute To Sc Radiation Responmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The radioprotection of concurrent Wnt activation was confirmed in vitro, improving the proliferation of the stem/progenitor cells from salispheres derived from irradiated mice. As in the case of the intestine [ 70 ], SGSC proliferation to repair tissue could be induced by transient Wnt activation.…”

Section: Signaling Pathways That Contribute To Sc Radiation Responmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Radiation-Induced Regenerative Response of Adult Tissue-Specific Stem Cells: Models and Signaling Pathways

Martinez

Giuranno

Vooijs

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Radiotherapy is involved in the treatment of many cancers, but damage induced to the surrounding normal tissue is often inevitable. Evidence suggests that the maintenance of homeostasis and regeneration of the normal tissue is driven by specific adult tissue stem/progenitor cells. These tasks involve the input from several signaling pathways. Irradiation also targets these stem/progenitor cells, triggering a cellular response aimed at achieving tissue regeneration. Here we discuss the currently used in vitro and in vivo models and the involved specific tissue stem/progenitor cell signaling pathways to study the response to irradiation. The combination of the use of complex in vitro models that offer high in vivo resemblance and lineage tracing models, which address organ complexity constitute potential tools for the study of the stem/progenitor cellular response post-irradiation. The Notch, Wnt, Hippo, Hedgehog, and autophagy signaling pathways have been found as crucial for driving stem/progenitor radiation-induced tissue regeneration. We review how these signaling pathways drive the response of solid tissue-specific stem/progenitor cells to radiotherapy and the used models to address this

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“…Recent studies showed that APC restoration could revert cancerous tumors to functioning normal cells, further emphasizing the critical role of APC in colonic cancer. 3,4 Besides the impact of gene mutations, there are other risk factors involved in the process of colonic carcinogenesis. Among which are the behaviors of the trillion microbes residing in the gut of the host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifidobacterium animalis: the missing link for the cancer-preventive effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum

et al. 2020

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks the third most common cancer type in both men and women. Besides the known genetic and epigenetic changes in the gut epithelial cells, we now know that disturbed gut microbes could also contribute to the onset and progression of CRC. Hence, keeping a balanced gut microbiota (GM) has become a novel pursue in the medical field, particularly in the area of gastrointestinal disorders. Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Gp) is a dietary herbal medicine. In our previous study, Gp saponins (GpS) displayed prebiotic and cancer-preventive properties through the modulation of GM in Apc Min/+ mice. However, the specific group(s) of GM links to the health effects of GpS remains unknown. To track down the missing link, we first investigated and found that inoculation with fecal materials from GpS-treated Apc Min/+ mice effectively reduces polyps in Apc Min/+ mice. From the same source of the fecal sample, we successfully isolated 16 bacterial species. Out of the 16 bacteria, Bifidobacterium animalis stands out as the responder to the GpS-growth stimulus. Biochemical and RNAseq analysis demonstrated that GpS enhanced expressions of a wide range of genes encoding biogenesis and metabolic pathways in B. animalis culture. Moreover, we found that colonization of B. animalis markedly reduces the polyp burden in Apc Min/+ mice. These findings reveal a mutualistic interaction between the prebiotic and a probiotic to achieve anticancer and cancer-preventive activities. Our result, for the first time, unveils the anticancer function of B. animalis and extend the probiotic horizon of B. animalis.

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Preclinical murine platform to evaluate therapeutic countermeasures against radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome

Cited by 28 publications

References 43 publications

Review of the Efficacy and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicines as a Therapeutic Option for Ionizing Radiation Induced Damage

Review of the Efficacy and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicines as a Therapeutic Option for Ionizing Radiation Induced Damage

The Radiation-Induced Regenerative Response of Adult Tissue-Specific Stem Cells: Models and Signaling Pathways

Bifidobacterium animalis: the missing link for the cancer-preventive effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum

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