Predicting intentions to get the COVID‐19 vaccine in India: An integration of theory of planned behaviour and health belief model

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine intention to receive Coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) vaccination in India. An integrated model of Theory of Planned behaviour (TPB) and Health Belief Model (HBM) was used. Online survey was conducted in Delhi NCR region to find out the intention to receive vaccination. Data was collected from 845 respondents during 15 February 2021–15 March 2021, just after COVID‐19 vaccination became available in the India. Partial Least Square‐Structural Equation Modelling was used to establish the relationships. The results of the analysis show that proposed framework is significant and explained 71% variance in intentions. Attitude, subjective norm, perceived behaviour control and self‐efficacy from the TPB had direct (or significant independent) effects on intention and perceived benefits, perceived susceptibility from the HBM have indirect effect on the intentions through attitude. The present study can be used to maximise the uptake of vaccination in any future pandemic. This theoretically‐driven model can be used to guide health policy makers and health care providers to increase the uptake of vaccination.

Integrating stimulus-organism-response model and theory of planned behavior to explore athletes’ intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine booster—A moderated mediation model

“…Attitude in the expended TPB model can be regarded as a mediator. Attitude is a psychological response influenced by external stimuli, leading to positive or negative perspectives, and then resulting in specific behaviors [55][56][57]. Tarkar (56) verified that attitude is a vital mediator in connecting perceived benefits, perceived susceptibility, and intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccination.…”

“…Attitude is a psychological response influenced by external stimuli, leading to positive or negative perspectives, and then resulting in specific behaviors [55][56][57]. Tarkar (56) verified that attitude is a vital mediator in connecting perceived benefits, perceived susceptibility, and intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccination. Accordingly, attitude within expended TPB is a vital link between individuals' cognitive and emotional evaluations of their intentions to perform the behaviors.…”

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among adults in India: A primary study based on health behavior theories and 5C psychological antecedents model

“…The next model is the ‘ TPB’ , which is based on the person’s behavioral intentions to perform a given health behavior [ 26 , 32 ]. These intentions are assumed to capture the motivational determinants that are driven by the attitudes toward a particular behavior, the ‘subjective norm’ to the health behavior, and the perceived control over the health behavior.…”

“…In the third model of ‘ 5C psychological vaccine antecedents , studies mentioned that it is used to understand the individual’s health behavior towards the vaccine and vaccination process [ 36 , 37 ]. This model is an extension of the WHO SAGE Working Group’s 3C Model (2012), which includes the ‘ Confidence’ , ‘Complacency’ , and ‘Convenience’ constructs, however, in 2019, WHO formed the 5C model with the addition of the ‘ Calculation ’, and ‘Collective Responsibility’ constructs [ 26 , 35 ]. In this model, items of the ‘ Confidence ’ construct aim to measure the level of trust in vaccine effectiveness, safety, necessity, health delivery system, and competency of health professionals and healthcare services.…”

“…The HBM assumed that adverse health conditions could be avoided among individuals by following a recommended preventive behavior. It is also assumed that future health behaviors could be predicted, explained, and identified based on existing health beliefs among people [26]. The HBM has five major constructs: (i) perceived susceptibility (individual's belief about the disease susceptibility); (ii) perceived severity (belief about the seriousness of the disease); (iii) perceived benefits (belief in the usefulness of the health behavior to avert the risk of the disease), (iv) perceived barriers (belief in the obstacles to performing a health behavior); and (v) cues to action (motivational factors to practice the health behavior) [27][28][29].…”