Predicting pore volume, compressive strength, pore connectivity, and formation factor in cementitious pastes containing fly ash

Bharadwaj, Keshav; Sahan, Feyza; Isgor, O. Burkan; Weiss, Jason

doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104113

Cited by 35 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…To avoid the expensive costs for repairs of the concrete structures, such as roads, buildings, tunnels and bridges [5][6][7][8], the durability of solid materials should be evaluated by testing the compressive strength [9][10][11] and validating its suitability [12][13][14]. To meet this need, many experimental studies have been undertaken to develop, evaluate and standardize tests on the materials properties for compaction and compressive strength [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Although traditional test approaches are widely used in industry, they mostly have destructive nature and impose damage in specimen structures [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resonant Frequency Ultrasonic P-Waves for Evaluating Uniaxial Compressive Strength of the Stabilized Slag–Cement Sediments

Lindh

Lemenkova

2021

Nordic Concrete Research

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Marine sediments can be stabilized by ultra high-strength binders: cement, Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) and slag. The properties of the stabilized soil indicate potential to their reuse. This study investigated the performance of the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) in the marine sediments stabilized by binder (cement, CKD, slag), tested by ultrasonic P-waves. Materials include 194 specimens collected from the port of Gothenborg. The experiment was performed in Swedish Geotechnical Institute (SGI). The UCS of specimens stabilized by different ratio of binders (cement, CKD, slag) was tested by resonance frequencies of the elastic P-waves. The significant increase in the UCS (>1500 kPa) was recorded for the highest values of CKD and cement, and low values of slag. The correlation profiles of low water/high binder (LW/HB) cement/slag (40/60%) were controlled by curing time. The slag–cement–CKD simplex tests demonstrated UCS of samples with low/high water content and various binder ratio of cement (kg/m3). The ratio of cement binder and curing time play a critical role in the increase of UCS followed by mechanical properties of specimens and intensity of stress. The highest values exceed 1000 m/s in P-waves. The results shown high accuracy (97%) and non-contacting approach for testing UCS of sediments. Seismic methods can be applied to test the UCS of the stabilized sediments, and also in-situ via seismic CPT, surface testing or cross hole seismic testing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resonant Frequency Ultrasonic P-Waves for Evaluating Uniaxial Compressive Strength of the Stabilized Slag–Cement Sediments

Lindh

Lemenkova

2021

Nordic Concrete Research

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“…SCMs contribute to increasing the SR and durability of a system by refining the pore connectivity and reducing the total porosity of the system. 39 The SR measurements appear particularly high for the mixtures with SF, so the concrete mixtures with SF appear as outliers. Figure 8b shows the negative correlation of GWP and 56-day SR. 56-day SR data are included because pozzolanic materials are slower to react than OPC, thus placing greater importance on later-age data.…”

Section: Durability Correlations With Gwpmentioning

confidence: 97%

Contextualizing embodied carbon emissions of concrete using mixture design parameters and performance metrics

Helsel

Rangelov

Montanari

et al. 2022

Structural Concrete

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Multiple initiatives advocate for reducing embodied carbon (i.e., greenhouse gas emissions) associated with concrete production. Even though readily implementable strategies exist, practitioners are concerned that reducing embodied carbon emissions may adversely affect concrete performance and durability, resulting in detrimental effects from a life cycle perspective. To address such concerns, this study investigated the correlations between embodied carbon of concrete mixtures, mixture design parameters, and experimentally measured mechanical and durability properties. The analyzed datasets included 145 mixtures, featuring a variety of mixture designs from laboratory and field studies. The results indicate that the cement content is the most significant predictor of global warming potential (GWP) and that considerable GWP savings can be achieved by reducing and replacing cement without compromising performance. Clear correlations of GWP with compressive strength were not identified, while the results demonstrated that reduced GWP and increased electrically based resistivity (the utilized durability indicator) often occur in synergy.

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“…Once the measured aqueous concentration of metals remains stable over several (3)(4)(5) sampling events, equilibrium is assumed. However, in some cases amorphous phases can be stable for a period of time and the length of the sampling period should be sufficient to ensure that a crystalline phase has formed [48]; X-ray diffraction (XRD) can be useful in this regard.…”

Section: Solubility Constantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, strategic blending of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) into ordinary portland cement (OPC) helps reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions from concrete production [3,4]. The ability to predict the reactions of cementitious materials in concrete helps optimize mixtures for different performance criteria including durability and carbon footprint [5,6]. Thermodynamic modeling allows the prediction of hydrated cement phase assemblages and chemical compositions for a variety of cementitious material combinations [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of incorporation of new reaction products in thermodynamic databases of cementitious systems

Zhu¹,

Juenger

Isgor³

et al. 2023

RILEM Tech Lett

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Strategic blending of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) into ordinary portland cement (OPC) helps reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions from concrete production. Expanding thermodynamic databases to include new reaction products from blended cements improves computational approaches used to understand the impact of blending SCMs with cement. Determination of thermodynamic parameters of cement reaction products based on temperature-dependent solubility is widely used in cement research; however, assumptions, limitations, and potential errors due to intercorrelation of the thermodynamic parameters in these calculation methods are rarely discussed. Here, methods for obtaining thermodynamic parameters are critically reviewed, including discussion of experimental validation. The discussion herein provides useful guidance to improve and validate the process of determining thermodynamic parameters of new reaction products from SCM-OPC reactions.

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Predicting pore volume, compressive strength, pore connectivity, and formation factor in cementitious pastes containing fly ash

Cited by 35 publications

References 67 publications

Resonant Frequency Ultrasonic P-Waves for Evaluating Uniaxial Compressive Strength of the Stabilized Slag–Cement Sediments

Resonant Frequency Ultrasonic P-Waves for Evaluating Uniaxial Compressive Strength of the Stabilized Slag–Cement Sediments

Contextualizing embodied carbon emissions of concrete using mixture design parameters and performance metrics

Methods of incorporation of new reaction products in thermodynamic databases of cementitious systems

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