Predicting spatial distribution of ultraviolet irradiance and disinfection of exhaled bioaerosols with a modified irradiance model

A Systematic Review on the Application of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation to HVAC Systems

“…Pan et al [50] performed 3D numerical simulations of the UV irradiation field for different lamp powers and identified sterilised zones for different microorganisms.…”

“…Of the 65 articles included, N = 21 used numerical approaches, with N = 5 [37,39,47,59,66] using mathematical modelling and N = 16 [3,16,19,21,24,[26][27][28]34,41,42,50,51,58,67,72] using finite elements simulations. More specifically, [24,27,37,39,41,50,59,66] investigated the irradiation field; refs. [34,47,51] are related to CFD simulations; and in [3,16,19,21,26,28,42,58,67,72], both fluid dynamics and radiation aspects are covered.…”

“…Regarding the location of the source (Table 1), N = 28 [1,3,4,12,15,18,20,23,[28][29][30][32][33][34][35]40,[47][48][49][50][51]54,56,59,60,66,70,72] involved the use of upper-room UVGI systems installed either on walls or ceilings, while for N = 8 articles [22,27,39,43,44,53,60,63], the source was installed directly inside the AHU (air-handling unit), and for N = 18 [2,16,17,[19][20][21]25,26,37,41,42,52,60,<...…”

“…Not Reported [38] x [4] x [39] x [40] x [2] x [41] x x [42] x [43] x [44] x [45] x [46] x [47] x [1] x [48] x [49] x [50] x [51] x [52] x [53] x [54] x [55] x [56] x x x [57] x [58] x [59] x [60] x [61] x [62] x [63] x [64] x [65] x [66] x [67] x [68] x [69] x [70] x [71] x [72] x [3] x…”

“…Several authors [3,28,34,47,50,51,59,66,72] evaluated ceiling-and wall-mounted UVGI installations using mathematical models or simulations, while others [1,12,23,29,40,48,49,54,56,60,70] examined similar installations using experimental tests. The authors of [4,15,18,20,30,32,33,35] applied, at the same time, mathematical, theoretical, and experimental studies on upper-room UVGI or non-room configurations.…”